Analysis Of Return On Education And Gender Wage Difference Of Urban Residents In China

In China's labor market,the income distribution of men and women has always been a hot topic in social research.The analysis of the causes of gender differences in wages will not only help to improve the employment situation of female employees,but also improve the income distribution differences in the labor market and promote the harmonious development of society.Therefore,only through theoretical and empirical research can we find out the real reason of gender wage differences and put forward the practical and effective policies or suggestions,reducing or even eliminating the unfair distribution of social income.Based on the research results of domestic and foreign scholars,this paper conducts a theoretical analysis on the gender wage difference based on the theory of human capital and the theory of economic discrimination.Then,combined with the CHIP survey data,it makes an empirical analysis from the perspective of the quantity and quality of human capital.From the perspective of human capital stock,the longer the years of education,the better the income.The t-test results showed that there was no significant difference in years of education between men and women,but the average monthly salary of men was significantly higher than that of women.From the perspective of the quality of human capital investment,the longer the years of education,the higher the educational return,which means higher wages.The regression results of the Mincer salary equation show that,in both cases of adding covariant variables and not adding covariance variables,women's return on education is higher than that of men,and higher education can significantly improve the return on education of women,so that female employees can benefit more from education and obtain higher wages.In order to further explore the causes of wage differences,decomposition of gender wage differentials in the labor market.After the OB mean decomposition of gender wage difference,it is found that gender discrimination wage difference accounts for a large proportion in the total wage difference,and with the improvement of educational level,the degree of discrimination gradually decreases.FFL unconditional wage decomposition results show that with the increase of the wage level of urban residents in China,the gender wage difference decreases gradually,but in the high wage level and low wage level,the proportion of discriminatory wage difference is still large.At the same time,the improvement of human capital level can effectively alleviate the gender wage difference,and the marital relationship contributes the most to the discriminatory wage difference.