A Comparative Study Of Malthus' Population Theory And Marx'S Population Theory

Population is not only a socio-economic problem,but also a development problem.Whether the population problem can be solved well is directly related to the economic development of various countries,the improvement of the people's life,the improvement of the quality of the whole people and the overall progress of the human society.Marx and Malthus,as famous economists,both have important demographic ideas.Malthus' s thoughts on population are mainly concentrated in his representative book,"the principle of population," two axioms,"two orders," two kinds of suppression,"three propositions," and "one moderate." The four-point conclusion constitutes the main content of its population theory.Malthus saw the coordination of population production and subsistence production.The importance of development,emphasizing that population growth should be moderate,and to maintain the appropriate proportion of the growth of means of living.Marx's theory of population mainly includes the theory of "two kinds of production" and the theory of relative excess population.Based on historical materialism,Marx revealed and grasped the nature and population of human beings in the process of material production,and held that social reproduction is not only the reproduction of material materials,but also the reproduction of human beings themselves,that is,the reproduction of species.The relationship in the reproduction process of material data is not only the relationship between man and nature,but also the social relationship between people.Material production and population production should maintain a coordinated proportional relationship.Capitalism The relationship between population and material data under the conditions is not only a natural relationship,but also contains capitalist relations of production.The relative excess population is a unique rule of population in capitalism.On the basis of combing the population thought of two scholars,this paper makes a comparative analysis of Malthus and Marx's population theory from many angles,such as writing background,political position,research method,main viewpoint,policy proposition and influence of later generations,and excavates the connotation and essence in the process of comparison.Malthus and Marx both analyzed the problem of excess population under the condition of capitalism,and both pointed out that the production of human beings themselves and the production of material materials are two essential prerequisites in the development of society.It is also pointed out that the development of population and material data should be coordinated.But as a great mentor to the oppressed and exploited masses,as the spokesman of the bourgeoisie and the representative of vulgar bourgeois economics,his class position,world outlook and methodology are fundamental.Different,inevitably lead to its theoretical point of view,policy opinions will be very different or even fundamentally different.Through a comparative study of Malthus and Marx's population theory,it is found that the reasonable core contained in the population thought of Malthus and Marx has important enlightenment to the population development of our country.First,we should maintain a moderate population size,do a good job in statistics and dynamic monitoring of population size,and always be alert to the tremendous pressure caused by excessive population growth on the economy,resources,environment,and so on.Second,under today's conditions,the population should be coordinated with natural,economic and social development,in particular,it is necessary to keep the population in line with the production of material materials,the mode of production is constantly changing,and the population strategy and policies should also change with the occurrence of changes.Solve all kinds of population problems,such as people.The phenomenon of aging of the mouth is serious,the demographic dividend appears the weakening trend,the employment situation is grim and so on.Third,China is in and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time.It is necessary to vigorously develop the market economy and the non-public economy.Unemployment,as an economic phenomenon,is the inevitable product of the imbalance between supply and demand of the labor force in the process of economic development.A correct understanding of the current unemployment problem in China and active measures to solve the employment problems are related to the livelihood of the people.