The Impact Of Technical Progress On Employment In Manufacturing Industry

With the rapid development of China's economy,new jobs are constantly created.Since 1978,China's economy has developed rapidly,but the increase of employment has not increased with the rapid development of the economy.According to the data released by the national statistical department,the unemployment rate in urban areas in 2017 is reaching 3.90%.Rapid economic development and high unemployment rate have become the peculiar characteristics of China's economy,resulting in a phenomenon called "unemployment growth" in academic circles.At present,there are few studies on the relationship between technological progress and employment in China.Many studies do not provide data support for specific industries and industries.The short-term and long-term employment demonstration is not very convincing.This paper collects data and carries out empirical research on the total employment of manufacturing industry from the perspective of technological progress by means of econometric methods to reflect the impact of technological progress of manufacturing industry on employment.This provides a clearer understanding of the relationship between the two and a corresponding reference for government decision makers.This paper collects the data of manufacturing industry from 2003 to 2016,uses the research model of Acemoglu(2017)for reference,adds the variable of manufacturing R&D density,and uses the product innovation that generates new jobs and the innovation of automated equipment that replaces human resources as the proxy variable of technological progress to study the total number of manufacturing employment and the employment of manufacturing industry in different technological industries.Influence.Firstly,in terms of total employment in manufacturing industry,R&D expenditure can increase employment in manufacturing industry,while the innovation of automated equipment replacing labor force has a negative impact on total employment in manufacturing industry.Product innovation can promote employment in manufacturing industry.Generally speaking,technological progress can promote employment in manufacturing industry more than inhibit it;wages can inhibit employment in manufacturing industry.Secondly,in terms of the employment structure of manufacturing industry caused by technological progress,product innovation promotes employment in high-tech and low-tech industries,restrains employment in high-tech and low-tech industries,restrains R&D expenditure in manufacturing high-tech industries,restrains employment in high-tech,medium-low and low-tech industries,and automation innovation promotes employment in high-tech,medium-low and low-tech industries.In the subsequent robustness test,using the number of employment in manufacturing cities at the end of the year to replace the number of employment in manufacturing enterprises above the previous scale to carry out the regression to different technology industries in manufacturing industry to draw similar conclusions,proving the robustness of the previous results.Employment data collected in this paper are the year-end data of manufacturing enterprises and towns above the scale.Technological progress has not been involved in the study of various types of registration and some small enterprises.There may be new conclusions in these industries.The impact of technological progress on manufacturing employment is a very complex issue.In the selection of indicators,some factors may be omitted to indicate technological progress.