The Application Research Of Scratch In Primary School Students' Computational Thinking Training

With the development of the times,the application of computers in people's lives and work has become more and more extensive,and the use of computers can be seen everywhere around people,including elementary school students.They are proficient in interacting with computers.They are called "indigenous peoples" in the digital age.Although they use computers quite often,few of them can use computers to design or create new things.They lack the ability of using computers to solve problems.According to the core literacy of the information technology discipline and the 2017 edition of the information technology curriculum standards,it is important to foster and develop students' "computational thinking." The concept of computational thinking has made up for the lack of core thinking in information technology disciplines.This paper focuses on the cultivate primary school students' computational thinking in the information technology class as the entry point for research.This research starts with the definition of computational thinking,the current situation of computational thinking in the field of education,the evaluation of computational thinking,and the use of Scratch in primary school's information technology education.It goes on to search,collate and analyze the literature at home and abroad,then analyzes and studies computational thinking and Scratch on the theoretical level;Next,to know the primary school students' initial understanding of computational thinking,this research uses questionnaires and interviews based on the cognitive development characteristics of primary school students,just to know the possibility of fostering primary school students' computational thinking and summarize the training objectives of primary school students' computational thinking.Afterwards,based on the constructionist learning theory and the design principles of “ low threshold,high ceiling” and “scaffolding support”,a teaching framework for using Scratch to cultivate pupils ' computational thinking is constructed.The relevant operational steps allow students to use a variety of computational thinking methods to enhance their computational thinking skills in the creation of Scratch's works.Then,based on the teaching framework,three teaching cases with different levels of difficulty are designed and practiced.Finally,the research studies the three cases,and uses the computational thinking test scale to evaluate students' learning outcomes.The research shows that after applying the teaching framework based on Scratch to cultivate pupils' computational thinking in teaching practice,the students' computational thinking level is improved,and the effectiveness of this teaching framework is preliminarily verified.