Educational Practice Research Of Pupils' Computational Thinking Cultivating Based On Scratch

With the rapid development of information technology,computational thinking has become an essential literacy for everyone in the information age.Primary and secondary school students,as digital indigenous people in the 21 st century,need computing thinking to meet the challenge of rapid changes in information technology in the future.In order to cultivate the computational thinking of primary and middle school students,countries all over the world have incorporated computing thinking into the computer curriculum reform plan.China has also included computing thinking as one of the core literacy of the information technology curriculum in primary and secondary schools.Algorithms and program design are the core curriculum modules for cultivating students' computational thinking in the information technology curriculum for primary and secondary schools.In the algorithm and programming teaching module,the problem that the majority of educators pay attention to is how to organize and design teaching to effectively train students' computing thinking.This study,which analyzes the current state of the teaching of algorithms and programming and curriculum standards for the fourth-grade information technology courses in practice primary schools,based on Children's Cognitive Development Theory,Constructive Learning Theory and Dewey teaching theory,using the methods of literature research,observation,questionnaires,and interviews,includes the following work:(1)Combine and analyze the relevant literature,give the operational definition and evaluation method of of computing thinking,and analyze the feasibility of Scratch for cultivating pupils' computing thinking ability;(2)the Three-Dimensional framework of computational concepts,computational practices,and computational concepts is used as a training target for computational thinking,construct teaching design models based Scratch(including previous analysis,learning task design,teaching strategy formulation,teaching evaluation design);(3)the fourth grade pupils as the object of education practice,we uses Scratch to carry out educational practice activities for training computational thinking,prove the effectiveness of educational practice results which are based feedback from teachers and students.The study in theoretically will enrich the research results of cultivating students' computational thinking in the information technology courses in primary schools in China,provide references for other educators to carry out computational thinking training research;In practice,the teaching based on Scratch,not only can effectively reduce the cognitive load of students' learning programming,improve their analytical ability to solve problems and hands-on operational ability,but also can effectively cultivate students' computing thinking ability,and ultimately stimulate students' interest in learning.