Research On The Evolution Of The Ability Structure Of China's College Entrance Examination Based On SOLO Theory

In 2014,the State Council issued the "Implementation Opinions of the State Council on Deepening the Reform of the Examination and Enrollment System"(Guo Fa [2014] No.35),which marked the start of a new round of reform in the college entrance examination system.The new round of admissions aims to strengthen student collaboration.,Communicative,creative and critical thinking skills.Any new model cannot be created out of thin air.It must be built on the basis of the old model.The college entrance examination questions are important tools for examining students.They systematically comb the college entrance examination physics papers from the perspective of historical evolution.Find out the characteristics of the ability structure of the physics test in the college entrance examination,so as to help high school teachers in teaching and preparing students for exams.This article takes the Physics Entrance Examination Paper from 1978 to 2019,from which National Volume I(New Curriculum Standard)is selected as a sample,taking the landmark events that occurred during the reform of the college entrance examination as the node,this 41-year period is divided into 6 stages,using The SOLO classification theory conducts an inductive study of the ability structure of the test questions.The SOLO classification theory is a method that Peggs put forward on the basis of Piaget's cognitive development stage theory to express students' thinking abilities in a hierarchical manner to evaluate the learning effect.This method is based on the structural complexity and changes in levels of the students' answers when they answer the questions to determine which level of thinking the students are in.When Professor Biggs created the SOLO theory,he asked the students to answer open questions,and determined the qualitative level of the students 'current thinking level through the structure of the types of students' answers to the open questions.According to the idea of SOLO classification theory,we can analyze the various factors(knowledge points)involved in solving a physical test question.Assuming that the student can answer the test question correctly,the minimum knowledge reserve and the most basic thinking operation required by it can determine the collegeentrance examination.Ability structure examined in physical examination questions.Therefore,based on the SOLO classification theory and the actual situation of the test questions,the author also divided the test ability structure into five levels.After statistics on the ability levels of the specific test questions in the past years,the longitudinal comparative research is carried out according to different stages,and the ability structure data of each stage of the test questions is presented in a line chart,and the rules are found from the line chart in order to effectively implement the research results.Teaching and learning,the article statistics the knowledge topics and main examination content of each test question.After researching the evolution of the ability structure of the test questions at each stage,the following conclusions are reached: 1.The focus of the ability structure of the test questions at each stage is different;2.The requirements for thinking ability of the test questions can be adjusted according to the SOLO classification theory;The ability structure is predictable.According to the research conclusion and combining with the specific physics examination questions,six Suggestions are put forward for teachers' teaching and students' learning,including clarifying the main points of the examination,applying the theory of variation,emphasizing embodied cognition,making good use of mathematical knowledge,visualizing abstract concepts,and facing up to the demonstration experiment.