| Charity is increasingly embodying its important role and special value in social development.However,the total amount of social donations and the degree of national charity participation in China are obviously behind those in the western countries.Developing philanthropy is not only the construction of material civilization to safeguard people's livelihood,but also the construction of spiritual civilization to cultivate morality.So it is of far-reaching significance to study charitable donation.The starting point of economic research on donation theme is to reveal people's intrinsic motivation to help others at the expense of their own interests.Its purpose is to improve the effectiveness of individual choice of charitable donation,to seek incentive mechanism that can better promote people's participation in charity,and to explore the underlying reasons why the corresponding incentive mechanism or influencing factors change people's willingness to donate altruistically.At present,the domestic economic research on charitable donation is still at an early stage,which mainly focuses on the motivation and basic hypothesis of donation behavior;the main research objects tend to focus on corporate donation,less on individual donation;the research methods adopted are relatively lack of rigorous behavioral analysis and empirical research;the research purpose is to put forward macro-policy recommendations,but ignore them.The marketization trend of charity is also discussed.Therefore,we urgently need to combine the international frontier research results to study donation more scientifically,effectively and systematically.Recent study by Charness & Holder(2018)have found that in the laboratory environment,when people are randomly assigned to groups to priming group identity and compete for 1:1 matching donation funds based on the total amount of donations from each group,the donation level of the subjects increases significantly.In order to explore the specific role of group identity factors in changing people's willingness to donate,we separated the matching mechanism and group identity,and further studied the factors such as inter-individual competition,inter-group competition and matching mechanism,as well as the interaction effect on donation.In addition,we put forward the hypothesis of peer effect as a possible mechanism of population matching mechanism based on experimental data,and analyzed and validated it with mediation effect test.In this paper,nonparametric test method,least squares estimation method,multinomial logit and ordered logit model are adopted successively,and consistent conclusions are obtained:Compared with the natural state of no competition information among individuals,group competition information and no matching fund donation,the level of donation increased significantly when the participants were given group identity by random grouping and the matching fund was obtained by group competition.On the basis of the above experimental conditions,only additional competitive information between individuals is provided,and the group competitive matching mechanism immediately fails,and the willingness to donate rapidly drops to the level close to the benchmark group.Then we use the stepwise regression test to identify the complete mediation,the expectation level of average donation in the same session,between the incentive mechanism of competition matching funds among groups and the individual's donation intention by using the linear model and the non-linear model respectively.That is to say,the matching mechanism of group competition influences the individual's donation expectation to others completely,and then indirectly affects their donation decisionmaking.We also find that the inhibitory effect of individual competitive information on group matching mechanism is mainly reflected in the indirect influence process of expecting others to donate through peer effect,but not significantly changing the effect of group matching mechanism on expecting others to donate. |
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