| Trampoline was included in China's official competition in 1997,and a national trampoline team was established in 2002.In the course of more than two decades of development,China's trampoline has grown from weak to strong,from external learning to leading the world.Chinese trampoline athletes have created many glories in the world's trampoline development history.In 2017,the International Gymnastics Federation trampoline technical committee separated the displacement score from the technical score.As an independent scoring factor,the increase in displacement score puts higher requirements on trampoline athletes,and requires athletes to ensure the difficulty,height and quality of completion.At the same time,the displacement should be small,that is,the action is "stable" and the landing point is "precise".In order to cope with the reform of the International Sports Federation scoring rules for trampoline,to maintain China's leading position in trampoline technology,to minimize the displacement penalty for trampoline athletes in China,improve the stability of movement,and achieve "high,difficult,beautiful,stable,accurate" development,we will need to carry out a multiple levels' and multiple angles' analysis of the displacement characteristics of China's excellent trampoline athletes,summarize the performance feature,position feature,regional feature,movement feature,body posture feature and distance feature of displacement,and further explore the advantages and disadvantages of China's outstanding athletes in displacement,finding out the cause of displacement,and proposing effective countermeasures are of practical significance to improving the overall athletic strength of trampoline athletes in China.This article takes the displacement characteristics of the two sets of moves in the preliminary competition as the research object,and comprehensively uses the methods of literature data,questionnaire survey,measurement,mathematical statistics and logical analysis to conduct research.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The new rule takes displacement as an independent scoring factor,which has a greater impact on the ranking of athletes.The impact rate for male athletes is between 41.7% and 62.5%,and for female athletes is between 50.0% and 66.7%.(2)From the perspective of the performance characteristics of displacement,the displacement score of the first set of movements for male athletes is between 9.0 and 9.9 points,with an average value of 9.48 points,while the displacement performance of the second set of movements is between 8.6 and 9.9 points,with an average value of 9.29 points,Compared with the second set of movements,the displacement performance of the two sets of movements has decreased;the displacement performance of the first set of movements of female athletes is between 8.6 and 9.9 points,with an average of 9.38 points,and the displacement performance of the second set of movements is 8.5-9.7.Between the points,the average is 9.21 points.Compared with the two sets of actions,the effect of the optional action on the displacement performance is more significant than the first set of actions.(3)From the position characteristics of displacement,the male athletes had more penalties for the eighth,ninth,and tenth movements in the first set of movements,and the sixth,eighth,and tenth movements in the second set of movements.The movements showed the characteristics of more points deduction in the second half of the action;the sixth?the eighth and the tenth action positions have higher penalties,showing an overall upward trend,but the increase is smaller;female athletes deducted more points for the eighth,tenth,and third actions in the first set of actions,and more points for the second,sixth,and eighth actions in the second set of actions.Compared with the action,the first set of actions showed the characteristics of more points deduction in the latter half of the action,while the second set of actions showed the characteristics of more points deduction in the first half of the action.(4)From the perspective of the regional characteristics of the displacement,the penalty characteristics of the male and female players are the same.The penalty points for the first set of movement displacements are mainly concentrated in zones 0 and 0.1,and the penalty points for the second set of movement displacements are also concentrated in zones 0 and 0.1.However,the deduction frequency of the 0.2 and 0.3 divisions increased significantly.The deduction frequency of the two sets of actions showed the characteristics of 0 division> 0.1 division> 0.2 division> 0.3 division.(5)From the perspective of the movement characteristics of displacement,in the first set of actions of male athletes,831<,811<,813<,805<and other actions are penalized more points,and in the second set of actions,800/,831<,813<,833/ are deducted more points;female athletes have more penalties in the first set of actions,such as 831<,822/,800 o,and811o,and more points in the second set of actions,such as 813<,811<,822/,and 813 o.Compared with the two sets of actions,the penalties for the first set of actions are concentrated on the more difficult two-week actions,and there are fewer points for the single-week action and the abdominal movement.The penalties in the second set of actions are mainly concentrated in two-week backward flips.Judging from the direction characteristics of the action,the displacement control of the forward flip action is better than that of the backward flip action.(6)From the perspective of the physical posture characteristics of the displacement,the male athlete deducted the most points for the body posture movement in the first set of movements,accounting for 46.4%.The overall characteristics presented were body posture> flexed posture> straight posture.In the second set of actions,the most deducted points were in the flexed posture action,accounting for 68.9%.The overall feature was flexed posture>body posture> straight posture;in the first set of actions,female athletes deducted the most points in body posture gestures,accounting for 48.5%.And the second set of postures deducted flexed posture points,accounting for49.6%.Same characteristics as male athletes.Compared with the two sets of actions,the penalties for the first set of actions are mainly body posture actions,while the penalties for the second set of actions are mainly flexed posture actions.(7)From the perspective of the distance characteristics of displacement,the displacement distance of the first set of movements of male athletes is between 3.1m and 8.0m,with an average value of 5.5m.The displacement distance of the second set of movements is between 3.5m and 10.5m,with an average value of 6.6m;the displacement distance of the first set of movements of female athletes is between 3.2m and 10.8m,with an average value of 6.2m.The displacement distance of the second set of movements is between 4.1m and 12.0m,with an average value of 7.1m.The displacement distance is significantly longer than that of the first set,which is mainly related to the difficulty of the two sets of moves.(8)The reasons for movement displacement are: irregular technical essentials(including the irrational take-off angle,the connection between the movements is not good,the exhibition time is late);difficulty of movement does not match the ability of the athletes;the height is not cooperative;the poor mental quality.(9)Method for improving athletes' displacement score:(1)strengthen the training of basic skills;(2)strengthen the training of connection techniques between movements;(3)pay attention to the training of physical control ability;(4)strengthening psychological quality training;... |
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