Research On The Optimization Of Vehicle Routing Problem Based On Prospect Theory

With the increasingly fierce competition in the logistics industry,the simple pursuit of minimal cost is not the only goal of enterprise.In order to improve the competitiveness of enterprises,it is necessary to change from satisfying customers'needs to serving customers.Therefore,customers' satisfaction in the process of vehicle distribution is the important problem which enterprises need to consider.As a comprehensive theory of psychology and behavioral science,prospect theory considers the influence of human behavior and psychological factors in decision-making process.As the main body of the evaluation of enterprise distribution service,the evaluation of customers is influenced by behavior and psychology.Therefore,it is not only theoretically but practically meaningful to apply the prospect theory value function to the construction of customer satisfaction function in the vehicle routing problems,the main research work of this paper is as follows:(1)In the customer satisfaction,we should consider the reality of the customer in the evaluation involved psychological and behavioral factors,and introducing prospect theory value function to build a customer satisfaction function.The method can better meet the customer evaluation of distribution service satisfaction with the psychological characteristics compared with the traditional linear customer satisfaction expression.(2)On the basis of the customer satisfaction function,the paper also enriches the total cost in the actual logistics,and composes the total cost with the vehicle start-up cost,Vehicle transportation cost(including labor and fuel consumption,etc)and the vehicle waiting time cost.I established the multi-objective vehicle routing optimization model by minimizing total cost and maximizing customer satisfaction as model objective function.(3)The tabu search algorithm and the evaluation method of the best reference solution of the pareto solution set are given for the proposed multi-objective model.In the tabu search algorithm,the initial solution is randomly generated,and the three neighborhood changes are used to generate the optimal solution by tabooing the mutation pattern and the mutation position.The analytic hierarchy process(AHP)is used to evaluate the pareto solution set obtained by the tabu search algorithm,which provides decision-making reference for the decision maker in the choice of distribution plan.(4)Experiment using simulated examples has been conducted,results show that:?The higher requirement for the delivery time,the greater sensitivity to distribution time,the lower the average customer satisfaction level do the enterprise obtained.It is important to distinguish the differences of sensitivity of customers for enterprises to improve the overall level of satisfaction.?Using minus to express the customers'discontentment,are more in line with customer negative feelings.It can not only show the overall situation of satisfaction both in positive and negative aspects,but also cause the attention of enterprises.?Combined with the actual investigation of various enterprises in addition to the delivery time other factors affect the average satisfaction level,the appointed time window at the two endpoints on the initial customer satisfaction value is set to calculate the value of the customer satisfaction is more realistic to reflect the actual distribution and the satisfaction is affected by many factors.?The two goals are conflicting between customer satisfaction and the total cost of distribution.The distribution enterprises need to choose their own solutions according to their own needs in decision-making.