Environmental Risk Assessment Of China's Outward Foreign Investment In The Belt And Road Initiative

In The Belt and Road initiative,China's foreign investment has entered a new round of rapid growth period.All kinds of cooperative projects have been progressively promoted,and it has a significant effect on the economic and social development of the countries along the Belt and Road.The Belt and Road has become an important platform for international cooperation.In this context,China's outward foreign investment has also developed rapidly that more and more domestic enterprises participate in outward foreign investment.China put forward that The Belt and Road build to protect the ecological environment,to fulfill their social responsibilities,to jointly build green silk road,along with the economic integration,countries work together to build a harmonious environment benefit community.Only by mastering the status quo of resources and environment development and assessing their environmental risks,can we provide environmental services support for Chinese enterprises to invest abroad,so as to promote the construction of green silk road.The China's outward foreign investment environmental risk in this paper refers to China's outward foreign investment enterprises in the host country face loss that because of the related issues of environmental protection lead to changes in environmental protection measures and investment policies and more stringent environmental regulations.In this paper,there are 17 countries have been selected which is invested more in the Belt and Road.The environmental risk can be divided into four risk types:ecological environment destruction risk,natural resource scarcity risk,weak risk resistance and environmental policy fluctuation risk.Based on five environmental risk factors and 14 specific environmental risk indicators,and the environmental risk status of 17 countries was systematically evaluated by using the method of principal component analysis and SPSS software.According to the comprehensive score ofenvironmental risk,17 countries were analyzed by cluster analysis.The results show that there are obvious differences in environmental risk characteristics in each country,and it can be classified into three types of environmental risks with similar characteristics.The first type of countries is generally well developed,and their own eco-environmental factors are relatively good.At the same time,the environmental policy is relatively perfect and has high requirements for business operation.The second type of countries is rich in natural resources and economically dependent on resources and exports.Its disaster bearing capacity is relatively poor and its development is relatively general.China's key outward foreign investment industries are concentrated in energy related industries.The third type of countries is relatively deficient in natural resources,poor in ecological environment and relatively high risk.But its human capital is relatively abundant and low cost,it can be more concerned about infrastructure projects industry and manufacturing industry.As a whole,for countries with high investment stock,the comprehensive score of environmental risk is relatively low.There is also a relatively small comprehensive environmental risk in some countries,which is not consistent with the investment stock and flow,and it should be paid more attention in the follow-up investigation investment.Finally,according to the environmental risk assessment and the actual situation of China's outward foreign investment,suggestions on relevant policies and enterprise countermeasures are given to the corresponding problems of environmental risk.