Study On The Resilience Of Farmers' Livelihoods In The Semiarid Fragile Area Of The Loess Plateau

The fragile environment in the semi-arid region of the Loess Plateau has provided a new idea for improving the adaptability of farmers' livelihood and realizing the sustainability of farmers' livelihoods.The farmers Sustainable Livelihoods Framework and flexible thinking combining buffer ability,self-organization and learning ability of three dimensions construction of farmers' livelihood resilience evaluation framework based on the three typical Township in Yuzhong County of the 604 household survey and interview data,discusses the different types of farmers livelihood and different natural geography the background of farmer's livelihood resilience level,and the main restricting factors;at the same time,starting from the perspective of diversity,through the analysis on the diversity of agricultural systems and livelihood system,summed up the farmers' livelihood system between the groups of the diversity of contact force and recovery,enhance the ability to adapt to and explore ways to improve resilience.The results show that:(1)The livelihoods resilience level of farmers in different livelihoods,from high to low,is wage type,self management type,comprehensive livelihood type,labor oriented type > agricultural dominant type > pure agriculture type > pure working peasant type > relief dependent type.The differentiation of different types of farmers in buffering ability and learning ability is more obvious,and the differentiation of self-organizing ability index is not obvious.Family savings and per capita income,family education investment and household education level,social cooperation network and information acquisition capacity,food self-sufficiency ability and institutional support are six main factors that restrict farmers' livelihood resilience level.(2)For the entire township farmers' livelihood,Xiaguanying Town resilience index was the highest,followed by Ma Po,Zhonglianchuan is the lowest.According to the single factor analysis of variance(ANOVA),the results showed that the differences between the three villages and towns in the dimension of buffering capacity and self-organizing ability were significant,but on the dimension of learning ability,there was no significant difference between the three rural households.Family savings,per capita income,family education input,household education level,grain self-sufficiency capacity and social network 6 factors are the main factors that restrict the three rural households' livelihoods resilience level.Among them,the main role of the buffer capacity is family savings and per capita income.Self-organizing ability is food self-supporting ability and social network.Learning ability is family education input and household education level.(3)Diversity is an important way to achieve resilience.Agricultural system of diversity,diversity index and crop planting structure diversity index shows the corresponding level,that when farmers planting crops species increased,the proportion of various types of crops planted in the area of the total cultivated area tends to be balanced;the livelihood activities of diversity,high diversity of farmers' livelihood the income diversity index is not necessarily high,this is because the income inequality tends to be centralized and reflected.