Empirical Research On The Impact Of Migration On Urban-rural Income GAP

Since the reform and opening up,China's economy has developed rapidly.The urbanization rate and per capita living standard have increased significantly.However,problems such as unbalanced regional development have followed.In addition,factors such as policy preference and household registration management system,urban residents and rural residents have relatively large gaps in income levels,employment opportunities,and basic social welfare.As a result,our country's population presents a flood of rural residents,urban and rural migration population,and an expanding urban population.This paper examines the impact of migration on urban-rural income gaps,and uses data from the Chinese family income(CHIP)in 2002,2007,and 2013 to classify data into five categories based on household registration metho ds and forms: rural residents,urban residents,and permanent immigrants(The third type of immigration),the first type of immigration and the second type of immigration;a comprehensive analysis of all sample indicators,concluded that the three types o f immigration within the existence of heterogeneity,permanent immigration in a variety of indicators and the first and second categories of immigration;permanent Migrants and urban residents are more similar in various indicators.The first and second types of immigrants have more similar results.And further analysis of the migration of permanent immigrants.This paper uses Python programming,combining non-parametric kernel density estimation and Bayesian law to establish a counterfactual income model,and plots the three nuclear density distributions of permanent resettlement counterfactual income,permanent immigration income,and rural resident income for men,women,and sample population,respectively.,conduct empirical tests on the data.The final analysis of empirical results leads to the following conclusions: First,rural skills prices are lower than urban skills prices.Permanent immigrants return to work in rural areas and receive corresponding income according to local skill prices.Their income will be reduced relative to the income of permanent immigrants working in the city.Second,permanent immigration will increase the income gap between urban and rural areas.This effect will be greatest in 2007,followed by 2002 and 2013,and the overall trend will first increase and then shrink.That is to say,the effect of permanent migration on the urban-rural income gap has been decreasing in recent years.Finally,the study finds that male permanent migration and permanent female migration have different effects on urban-rural income gap.Men's permanent migration has more pronounced effects on urban-rural income gap than women.The difference is greatest in 2007,followed by 2002 and finally 2013.In the year,this difference in influence is gradually narrowing,with the trend of increasing first and then decreasing.Permanent immigration leaving rural areas to enter cities will reduce the number of highly educated and middle-income rural populations in rural areas,which will lead to a further dec rease in the average number of years of rural education and a widening income gap between urban and rural areas;however,the income gap between rural areas will also increase.Decreasing it will also increase China's per capita GDP accordingly,and improv e China's economic development as a whole.With the increase of female education level in our country and the weakening of gender discrimination,the gap between men and women in the difference of income nuclear density gradually decreases,which is of great significance for raising the level of human capital in China.