Economic Agglomeration And The Income Gap Between Urban And Rural Residents:Mechanism And Empirical Analysis

Based on the theory of economic agglomeration and the dual economic theory of urban and rural areas,this paper studies the impact of economic agglomeration on the income gap between urban and rural residents.The specific contents and conclusions are as follows:First,the theoretical analysis shows that the impact of economic agglomeration on the income gap between urban and rural areas has a two-way.Specifically,on the one hand,economic agglomeration through the "agglomeration-siphon effect",bringing economies of scale,industrial advantages and factors of production and industry of rural-urban mobility and transfer,making the urban residents benefit from more,and rural residents from Benefit less,which will expand the income gap between urban and rural residents.On the other hand,the economic agglomeration through the "crowded-diffusion effect",bringing external diseconomies,factors of production and industry of urban-rural return and transfer,making the rural residents benefit from more,and urban residents benefit from less,Thus helping to narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents.As for the economic agglomeration is to expand or narrow the urban-rural income gap,depending on the level of regional economic agglomeration.Second,the reality shows that there is a negative correlation between economic agglomeration and urban-rural income gap.Specifically,based on the data of China's provincial economic density and urban and rural incomes in 2005 and 2014,by drawing the spatial distribution of provincial economic density and urban-rural income ratio,it is intuitive to find that the economic density is higher Urban and rural income gap is relatively small;vertical point of view,with the increase in economic growth may lead to narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas.By plotting the economic density and the urban-rural income ratio scatter plot,it is found that the fitting trend line is a straight line,indicating that the economic density may have a negative correlation with the urban-rural income ratio.Third,the empirical analysis shows that in the agglomeration of urban and rural residents income can be balanced.Specifically,the use of regional statistics from 2005 to 2014,the following conclusions:(1)economic density to measure the economic agglomeration and the income ratio between urban and rural residents is between the negative significant,and through the 5% The significance level test,the regression coefficient is-0.074.In other words,the provincial economic density for each additional 1%,urban and rural residents income gap narrowed about 0.074%.(2)Economic density has a significant positive impact on per capita disposable income of urban residents and per capita net income of rural residents.That is,with the increase of economic density,the income of urban and rural residents will increase.And the regression coefficient of economic density and income of rural residents is greater than that of urban residents 'income,that is,the impact of economic agglomeration on the growth of urban residents' income is more important to the growth of rural residents.More than about 0.074%,further confirms the conclusion of a result.(3)through the transformation of indicators,further tests show that: ? To employment density to replace the economic density as a measure of economic agglomeration of the indicators,the lagging employment density and urban and rural income ratio is negative significant,its possible It is explained that the newly employed persons generally have probationary period or internship period.During this period,their wages are lower than the average level,and because of the low unskilled labor productivity,the wage level is relatively low.A certain lag.?To theel index to replace the income of urban and rural residents as a measure of income gap between urban and rural residents,lagging behind the economic density and the same index is also significant negative.The possible explanation is that the Theil index is more sensitive to changes in high-income groups and low-income groups,and the increase in economic density does not immediately lead to changes in the sensitivity of high-income groups and low-income groups,Accumulated,so there is a certain lag.All in all,comprehensive theoretical analysis,realistic investigation and empirical test,all show that economic agglomeration will help narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents.In the agglomeration,the balance of income gap between urban and rural residents can be achieved.Based on the conclusion of research and combining with the five development concepts,this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to promote economic agglomeration from the perspective of scale effect and diffusion effect of economic agglomeration.One to promote economic agglomeration;two to promote the new urbanization and urban agglomeration;three to do urban and rural areas,to speed up the integration of urban and rural construction.