Zanthoxylum Bungeanum Oleoresin Extraction, Component Analysis, Antioxidant And Antibacterial Properties

This paper was based on the Zanthoxylum which be known as da hong pao grown in han cheng.Using cellulase enzyme solution and combining the response surface to Optimized the extraction process.The physical and chemical properties of Zanthoxylum oleoresin obtained by the method of enzymatic hydrolysis and supercritical C02 extraction were determined.The chemical composition and content of Zanthoxylum oleoresin were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).In this paper,the antioxidative properties of Zanthoxylum oleoresin were studied by using seven antioxidant systems.The bacteriostatic and bacteriostasis mechanism of the two extraction methods were studied by four kinds of bacteria that are common in food.The main results are as follows:1.Using cellulase enzymatic hydrolysis to extract Zanthoxylum oleoresin,the extraction process was optimized by single factor test and response surface,and the results showed that:The optimal process conditions for the extraction of Zanthoxylum oleoresin by cellulase enzyme were ethanol 50%,enzyme dosage62.3 mg/L,enzymolysis time2.3 h,enzymolysis temperature50 ? and liquid-solid ratio 47.4:1.The test results show that the extraction rate of Zanthoxylum oleoresin was 37.22%.2.The chemical constituents and their contents of Zanthoxylum oleoresin were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The results showed that 47 compounds were identified by enzymatic hydrolysis,accounting for 97.7%of the total compound.It was mainly composed of Xanthoxylin(10.85%),Limonene glycol(5.94%),Citronellyl myristate(5.38%),etc.A total of 48 compounds were identified by supercritical C02 extraction,which accounted for 96.3%of the total compound.It was mainly composed of y-Terpineol(9.29%),Linalool(8.84%),Terpinyl acetate(8.23%),etc.3.The antioxidant test results show that the Zanthoxylum oleoresin extraction obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis method and supercritical C02 all have strong ability to remove the DPPH free radicals.When the sample concentration reached 0.1mg/mL,the scavenging ability of zanthoxylum oleoresin for DPPH free radical was equivalent to that of BHT,which was higher than that of supercritical C02 extraction.Zanthoxylum oleoresin extracted from two methods had certain clearance ability for ABTS free radicals,but were lower than Vc and BHT under the same concentration conditions.On superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity measurement result,Vc,BHT,Zanthoxylum oleoresin obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis,Zanthoxylum oleoresin obtained by supercritical C02 extraction IC50 of superoxide anion free radical clearance were:0.045,0.056,0.098,and 0.126 mg/mL.Zanthoxylum oleoresin obtained from two methods had strong ability to remove hydroxyl radical,but it was lower than Vc under the same concentration condition.In the test of reducing force,the reduction force of Vc was greater than that of BHT and zanthoxylum oleoresin obtained from two methods,and the supercritical C02 extraction method in the test sample was the most weak.In the beta-carotene/linoleic acid system,the antioxidant capacity of the two methods was higher than that of Vc but slightly lower than that of BHT.In the antioxidation system of walnut oil,the ability to inhibit the peroxidation of walnut oil was related to the concentration of Zanthoxylum oleoresin which were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis or supercritical C02 extraction.The higher the concentration,the stronger the oxidation resistance,but the effect was lower than the antioxidant capacity of BHT.4.The bacteriostatic test results showed that:Zanthoxylum oleoresin obtained from two methods had inhibitory effect on the four kinds of bacteria.When the concentration of the sample solution was 16mg/mL,the inhibition rate of the anthocyanin oil was 61.46%,59.46%,55.67%and 55.77%,respectively,for the staphylococcus aureus,bacillus subtilis,e.coli and salmonella.The bacteriostatic rate of the four tested bacteria was 63.86%,60.10%,57.55%and 55.99%,respectively,with the same concentration of supercritical CO2 extraction.The minimum inhibitory concentrations of Zanthoxylum oleoresin extraction obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis method to staphylococcus aureus,bacillus subtilis,e.coli and salmonella were 0.25,0.5,0.5,1.0mg/mL,respectively.The minimum bacteriostatic concentration of Zanthoxylum oleoresin from the supercritical CO2 extraction method to staphylococcus aureus,bacillus subtilis,e.coli and salmonellawas 0.25,0.25,0.5 and 0.5mg/mL.The bacteriostatic effect of the supercritical CO2 extraction method was better than that of the oil resins obtained by enzyme solution by the determination of the inhibition rate and the minimum inhibitory concentration.The results of the growth curve indicated that the Zanthoxylum oleoresin was mainly by prolonged adjustment period to delay and inhibite the growth of the experimental bacteria.Antibacterial mechanism of exploration proved Zanthoxylum oleoresin by making the bacteria cell wall and cell membrane damage or fracture to increase its permeability,resulting in charged ions in cells,proteins,nucleic acids and other substances,thus make the cell growth and reproduction was restrained,and even death.