Research On The Effect Of Laser Micro-texturing On The Cutting Temperature Rise Of High-speed Steel Tools

Excessive temperature during the cutting process will easily cause the material to soften and stick on tools,which will aggravate tool wear or even failure and reduce the workpiece surface quality.In order to solve those problems,domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a lot of research.Based on previous research,the micro-cavity and micro-convex topography were applied in tool-chip friction region of high-speed steel tools by laser surface texturing technique.Laser texture with advantages of controllable size,wide application range,and no pollution,was applied to shape the tool surface,meanwhile temperature raising experiment was conducted,which can control the heat generation and transmission to reduce the tool cutting temperature,thus improving the tool performance and processing quality.This paper combined the numerical simulation with experiments to verify the effect of three types texture topographies on tool cutting temperature raising,studied the relevant basic theories,then conducted simulation and experiments of laser processing and turning.The The main research of the paper are as follows:(1)Based on metal cutting theory and heat transfer theory,the three deformation zones are systematically introduced,then calculated the cutting heat,cutting temperature and the corresponding heat distribution coefficient for each part(rake face,workpiece,chips,etc),analyzed the factors affecting the temperature rise of cutting.A two-dimensional cutting model of high-speed steel tools was established for three texture topographies(micro-groove texture,micro-concave texture and micro-convex texture)by ABAQUS to simulate the tool temperature field,and compared cutting temperature under rough/finish machining.The conclusions obtained under rough/finish machining are basically consistent,that is,the micro-texture topography plays an important role in reducing the cutting temperature;And the cooling effect of different textures is quite different,the micro-groove texture can minimize the cutting temperature of high-speed steel tools,followed by the micro-concave texture,and the micro-convex texture is the worst.(2)In order to obtain the laser processing parameters that match the texture,high-speed steel materials were used as micro-texture topography carriers to systematically carry out the process experiment of three types texture.The experiment employed two kinds of laser processing systems: The latest picosecond laser processing system and SPI fiber laser processing system.Then investigated the effect of the pumping current,pulse width,and scanning speed on the micro-groove and micro-concave geometric parameters by picosecond laser,researched the influence of the power and pulse width on the micro-convex texture by SPI fiber laser,obtained the laser process parameters matched to the most complete micro-texture topography.(3)We produced three types of textured cutters and did the turning experiment.The Optris PI online infrared camera,which can realize non-contact measurement without affecting the original temperature field,is used as the temperature measuring device,and the PIConnect can achieve the full record.Turning machining results show: Micro-textured tools can reduce the cutting temperature under finishing/roughing 6061 aluminum alloy.In terms of effect,the micro-groove texture has the most obvious effect,with a cooling rate of more than 20%,followed by a micro-concave,and the micro-convex texture is the worst.At last,the paper described the cooling mechanism of micro-texture topography from tribology and heat transfer.