Multi-media Distribution Characteristics And Risk Assessment Of Typical PPCPs In The Water Environment Of Dianshan Lake In Shanghai

The occurrence,content level,temporal-spatial distribution and multi-media distribution of 13 pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs)in water and sediment from Dianshan Lake,Shanghai were systematically studied.By the method of statistical analysis,we analyzed multi-media distribution and the correlation with environmental parameters of PPCPs.At the same time,a Level ? fugacity model was used to assess the environmental fate of PPCPs in Dianshan Lake.Finally,ecological risk and human health risk of PPCPs were evaluated.The main conclusions of the research were summarized as follow:(1)In Dianshan Lake,11,10 and 7 PPCPs were detected in surface water,surface sediment and overlying water samples respectively.The total content of PPCPs is 0.4-85.3 ng/L in surface water,5.4-149.8 ?g/kg in surface sediment,24.3-130.0 ng/L in overlying water.Sulfonamides were mostly in water samples,while non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were mostly in sediment samples.The seasonal variation of typical PPCPs in surface waters was significant.The spatial distribution of some PPCPs had a higher concentration around the lake and a lower concentration of lake center and a significant point source pollution.Some PPCPs showed more serious around the lake than in the center of the lake or most seriously in one sampling site.The seasonal variation of PPCPs in surface sediment was not obvious,and the spatial-temporal distribution still had significant point source pollution characteristics.(2)The correlation between PPCPs and TOC in surface sediment was low,while there was a significant correlation between PPCPs and heavy metals.Sulfamethazine(SMZ)and triclocarban(TCC)had a significant positive correlation with acid extractable Cd,Cu,Ni,Zn,Cr and Pb.While TCC,SMZ and diclofenac(DFC)had a significant positive correlation with total extractable Cu,Zn and Cr.(3)A Level ? fugacity model can assess the environmental fate of PPCPs in the Dianshan Lake very well.The simulation results indicated that the 9 PPCPs were mainly distributed in the water and sediment phases,and they are mainly exchanged between the water and sediment two-phase medias,as well as they were advected and reacted in the water and sediment.(4)The results of ecological risk assessment for single PPCPs indicated that 5 PPCPs,including TCC,DFC,clofibric acid(CA),SMZ and sulfadimethoxine(SDM)in Dianshan Lake had low ecological risk;triclosan(TCS)had high ecological risk.The ecological risk assessment for mixed PPCPs showed that 10 PPCPs,including SMZ,sulfamethoxazole(SMX),SDM,TCC,TCS,CA,DFC,ibuprofen(IBF),ketoprofen(KPF)and neproxen(NPX)had high ecological risk in surface water,low high ecological risk in the overlying water,and middle ecological risk in surface sediment.The results of human health risk assessment with single PPCPs showed that 9 PPCPs,including sulfapyridine(SPD),SMZ,SMX,TCC,TCS,DFC,IBF,NPX and KPF in surface water not very high.