Research On The Environmental Air Quality And Its Changing Trend In Harbin City In The Past 6 Years

In this paper,the monitoring data of different monitoring sites in Harbin from2013 to 2018 are quantitatively analyzed by using the automatic monitoring system of ambient air.The time-varying trend and characteristics of environmental air pollution factors in Harbin are summarized and analyzed,and the changing trend of environmental air pollutant concentration in Harbin from 2019 to 2023 is predicted.According to the trend and characteristics analyzed,the changing characteristics of air pollutants and the changing law of air quality are sorted out.Based on the analysis of the geographical location,meteorological conditions,hydrological environment,topography,energy structure and the sources of major environmental air pollutants in Harbin city,the internal relationship between the concentration of major air pollutants and various influencing factors is comprehensively discussed,and the environmental air quality in Harbin city in the next five years is forecasted by using the information obtained.At the same time,the changing trend of environmental air quality in Harbin is obtained.The following conclusions are drawn.?1?In the past six years,the three main air pollutants have obvious seasonal variation characteristics,and the concentration of pollutants in winter is significantly higher than that in other seasons.The peak concentration of SO₂ mainly occurs from December to February of next year,which is mainly due to the high coal consumption during the heating period in winter.The peak concentration of NO₂ mainly concentrates in winter and spring,which may be related to the cold weather and the higher probability of residents going out and taking vehicles.The peak concentration of PM₁₀ mainly occurs from November to April of next year,because there is less precipitation in winter and spring,the air is dry,and dust and dust are easy to occur.?2?From 2013 to 2018,PM₁₀0 was the primary pollutant affecting the environmental air quality in Harbin,while SO₂ and NO₂ were the secondary pollutants,but they also accounted for a large proportion.It was found that the average concentration of PM₁₀ and SO₂ in winter and monthly exceeded the national secondary standard,which polluted the environment and air greatly.In contrast,the concentration of NO₂ did not exceed the national secondary standard.This shows that the improvement of environmental air quality in Harbin needs to be further implemented and improved.?3?From the change trend of pollutant concentration in the past six years,SO₂,NO₂ and PM₁₀0 all show a significant downward trend,and the comprehensive index of air pollution has been greatly reduced,and the number of days of air quality over the second grade has increased year by year.All these indicate that in recent years,the environmental air quality in Harbin has been steadily improving,which is closely related to the Harbin Municipal government's air pollution control measures and the people's low-carbon and environmentally friendly lifestyle.?4?Temperature and air pressure are the main natural factors affecting the change of SO₂ concentration in the air of Harbin;air pressure and relative humidity are the main natural factors affecting the change of NO₂ and PM₁₀ concentration in the air.Among the anthropogenic factors,SO₂ emission and coal consumption have the strongest influence on SO₂,NO₂ and PM₁₀ concentration.?5?The grey system model test results show that the residual and error test results of SO₂ and NO₂ pollutant concentration are C<0.35,P<0.95,and the model accuracy is good;the residual and error test results of PM₁₀ concentration are 0.35<C<0.5,0.80<P<0.95,and the model accuracy is qualified.Therefore,the model can meet the needs of predicting future ambient air quality.?6?The results of grey prediction show that the concentration of the three pollutants will decrease in the next five years.In the period of 2019-2023,the concentration of SO₂ will be lower than the first national standard?20?g.m-3?.Similarly,the concentration of NO₂ will be lower than the first national standard?40?g.m-3?.The concentration of PM₁₀ will be between the second national standard and the first national standard,and it will still be the main pollutant.Generally speaking,the concentration of three main air pollutants in Harbin will be controlled and reduced gradually in the next five years,and the air quality of the environment will be greatly improved.However,we should pay attention to the impact of PM₁₀ on the air quality and do a good job in the prevention and control work.