| Among all textile fibers,cotton fabric is the most common one and its application is very extensive.However,the cotton fabric itself is extremely flammable(cotton will spontaneously ignite at 150°C).Every year,a large number of fire accidents caused by the burning of cotton fabric occur,causing huge life threats and property losses.Therefore,cotton fabrics with excellent flame retardant effects are urgently needed.Pyrovatex CP~@and Proban~@are two of the most common commercial cotton fabric flame retardants.But due to the problem of formaldehyde release,it is very important to develop a new type of environmentally friendly flame retardant for cotton fabrics as a substitute.The main research contents of this article are:First,phosphoric acid,glycerol,urea,and aluminum sulfate were used as raw materials to synthesize phosphorus-nitrogen-aluminum synergistic intumescent flame retardant(PAN).The flame retardant was treated on cotton fabrics by ultrasonic treatment and high temperature curing.Cotton fabrics before and after flame retardant finishing were tested for structural characterization,flame retardancy and washability.First,scanning electron microscopy and whiteness testing showed that cotton fabrics had similar morphology and similar whiteness before and after flame retardant finishing.Secondly,the analysis of the results of infrared spectrum and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that PAN was successfully grafted with flame retardant to the cotton fabric in the form of P-O-C covalent bond.Thirdly,the results of thermogravimetric analysis and vertical combustion test show that the cotton fabric treated with PAN flame retardant has good thermal stability and excellent flame retardant effect.The test results show that PAN flame retardant can be used as a semi-durable flame retardant finishing agent for cotton fabrics.Second,using environmentally-friendly and renewable raw materials such as bio-based phytic acid,sugar,urea,and boric acid to prepare high-efficient and durable flame retardants.By examining different types of monosaccharides,disaccharides,and polysaccharides,we found flame retardants prepared from raffinose has the best flame retardant effect.Finally,phytic acid,boric acid,raffinose and urea were used as raw materials to synthesize phosphorus-nitrogen-boron ternary synergistic intumescent flame retardant(PBNS).Performance test such as resistance and washing resistance.After 250 g/L PBNS finishing cotton fabric washed 30 times,the weight gain rate was 16.34%,the damage length in the vertical combustion test was 54.0 mm,and the limit oxygen value reached 37.1%.Firstly,it can be known from the infrared spectrum test that the PBNS flame retardant was grafted on the cotton fabric through P-O-C and B-O-C bonds.The analysis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the three elements of phosphorus,nitrogen and boron finishing on the cotton fabric had good washability.Secondly,the results of vertical combustion and scanning electron microscope tests showed that the flame-retardant cotton fabric retained the complete surface morphology after burning.Finally,the thermogravimetric analysis results show that the initial decomposition temperature of the flame retardant cotton fabric is 73.7?earlier than that of the non flame retardant cotton fabric,and the final carbon residue has increased by 23.84%,reflecting the excellent thermal stability of the flame retardant cotton fabric.This paper introduces aluminum and boron into the intumescent flame retardant,and develops two new types of flame retardants for cotton fabrics.The flame retardant and flame retardant finishing process do not involve the generation of halogens and formaldehyde,and are environmentally friendly,efficient and durable.Flame retardant. |
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