Study On The Preparation And Performance Of Flexible And Compressible Supercapacitors Based On Melamine Foam

In recent years,supercapacitors attract much attention because of their high power density,super fast charge-discharge rate and cycle stability,more and more scientists have focused on the research and development of new materials for supercapacitors,especially the design of wearable supercapacitor equipment.Carbon-based and polymer materials have been widely used in machinery,electronics,aviation,chemical industry and other fields due to their low cost and stable structure.However,carbon materials and polymer materials are usually difficult to support themselves.To overcome these problems,a variety of new high performance composite materials based on melamine foam were prepared,and their application prospects in flexible compressible supercapacitors were also discussed.The details are as follows:1.Melamine foam?MF?was used as the substrate material to polymerize polypyrrole?PPy?.Fe Cl₃ and TsOH were used as oxidants and stabilizers of polymerization respectively and dissolved in the same molar concentration to form mixed aqueous solution.Pyrrole monomer?Py?was dissolved in organic solvent cyclohexane.At 4?,the target product MF/PPy-3 was prepared by adding the organic solution containing Py to MF soaked in the mixed aqueous solution.After 10hours of polymerization,MF/PPy-3 composite had excellent specific capacitance?2.685F cm-2 or 553.61F g-1?and cycle stability?after 3000 cycles,83.52%capacity retention?.The as-prepared electrode can withstand compression strain up to 70%,and its electrochemical performance only slightly decreases after 500compression-release cycles at 70%constant strain.This project focused on the influence of compression and rebound on the mechanical properties of electrode materials,as well as the influence of polymerization time and compression rebound on the electrochemical properties of supercapacitor.At the same time,based on the flexible and compressible electrode material,all solid-state flexible supercapacitor is assembled and its usability is verified.2.Graphene oxide?GO?was loaded onto the skeleton and pores of melamine foam?MF?by impregnation coating method,and then MF tightly adhered to GO?MF/GO?was obtained through vacuum drying process,then MF/rGO was obtained after reduction action using hydrated hydrazine?N₂H₄·H₂O?.Then the MF/rGO was used as working electrode to obtain the target product at the voltage of 2V of 5 Mins.The prepared electrode can bear up to 80%compression strain without significant permanent deformation was observed after 50 compression cycles at 80%constant strain.And it has excellent electrochemical performance:specific capacitance(0.881F cm^-2 at 4 mA cm^-2)and cycle stability?10000 cycles,capacity retention more than90%?.