| Ultrasonic biotelemetry technique is used to track aquatic animals who are attached by ultrasonic transmitters,in 1956 which is used on fish for the first time tracking research,the development has been widely used a variety of aquatic organisms of oceans,lakes and other waters,theory methods and tracking devices have been very perfect,whichIt is considered as the most effective method to study the behavior characteristics of aquatic animals now.Sayram lake is a plateau cold-water lake in north-western China,with an altitude of 2073m and a total area of 458km~2.It is also a national scenic spot in China.Coregonuspeled is introduced from Russia in 1998,which has become the main economic species in Sayram lake.The behavioral characteristics of Coregonuspeled in Sayram lake are very important in the protection of the fishery resources,the management,the design of fishing gears and fishing methods,etc.but the behavior characteristics of the Coregonuspeled in sayram lake is still not clear,therefore,this study aim to obtain the behavioral characteristics of Coregonuspeledby using ultrasonic telemetry methods in Sayram lake,and provide some biological information support for Coregonuspele resources protection,nets designing,nets set position election,etc.beside,a fishing effect evaluation is done for a mew large set net fixed in 2017.Short baseline method(SBL)ultrasonic biotelemetry technique was used to track Coregonuspeled in the open waters of Sayram lake.Short baseline ultrasonic biotelemetry system has been placed in a small vessel,the direction of Coregonuspeled attached by ultrasonic transmitter can be confirmed and displayed on the computer screen of the biotelemetry system.A total of 4 Coregonuspeledwere attached by ultrasonic transmitter on the first dorsal fin by surgical method.The 4Coregonuspeledwere released when the weather is good,and the Coregonuspeled were released in the west side of Sayram lake where water depth are about 30meters.The tracking results showed that Coregonuspeledswam clockwise(overlooking the Sayram lake)after they were released;and Coregonuspeledtended to swim in shallow waters.Because the weather of Sayram lake is changeable,the boat tracking only lasted a short time.Long baseline(LBL)ultrasonic biotelemetry technique was used to study the behavior characteristic of Coregonuspeled in alarge set net,a total of 10 stationary receivers were fixed around the set net by float and the anchor.Through analyzing the data of receivers,the swimming depth and three dimensionalposition information of Coregonuspeledcan be obtained.a total of 12 specimens were implanted by ultrasonic transmitters in abdomen by surgical method.The 12 Coregonuspeled were released in the playground of the set net after their physical condition recovered well.The tracking results show that the Coregonuspeled tend to swim clockwise along the shallow water of the lake(overlooking Sayram lake);The Coregonuspeled released in the playground rarely swam into the middle bag net;Coregonuspeledcould escaped from the entrance of the playground easily;The main activity depth is 2-15meters;Among them,no.10 Coregonuspeledswam through the net of playground net and lead net;By tracing routes and statistical analysis the signal received numbers of each Coregonuspeledin every receiver,found that six of the 11 Coregonuspeled escapedthe set net within 24 hours and swamclockwise(overlooking Sayram lake),in addition,a new method was used to measure the continuous swimming speed of Coregonuspeled in open waters,the results show that the continuous swimming speed range of Coregonuspeled in sayram lake is 0.26-2.04 body length(BL)per second. |
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