The Effect Of Different Fertilization On The Morphological Characteristics Of Corn Root System In Three Typical Farmland

In order to investigate the long-term fertilization for the influence of different soil types autumn maize root morphological characteristics,the experiment was conducted along the hydrothermal gradient in north and south of China(established since september 1990),three long-term fertilization experimental plots were selected in Gongzhuling of Jilin province,Zhengzhou of Henan province and Jinxian of Jiangxi province.each test station selects three field fertilizer treatments,respectively: control treatment(CK),NPK fertilizer(NPK),NPK + organic fertilizer processing(MNPK)in 2018.Maize root samples of surface soil were collected by ring knife method at the maturity stage of maize.This study analysis the different fertilization modes of maize root morphology and biomass,illuminates the long-term fertilization experiment under the different fertilizer treatments of maize root morphology difference between,this paper discusses the different soil types in different fertilizer treatments in the differences of root morphology,aims at providing a scientific and reasonable fertilization corn and corn high yield cultivation measures in different geographical conditions to provide data support and theoretical basis.The results show that:(1)The indexes of root length,surface area,volume and biomass of maize plants in Gongzhuling black soil area were significantly increased under MNPK treatment,but the effect of increasing average root diameter was not significant.The root length,root surface area and root volume of mature maize under NPK treatment were higher than those under CK treatment,but there was no significant difference.The average root diameter and root biomass under NPK treatment were significantly higher than those under CK treatment.The specific root length of maize under MNPK treatment was higher than that under NPK treatment,and the difference between fertilization treatments was not significant,which was significantly lower than that under CK treatment.(2)Under fertilization treatment,the root length,root surface area,root volume and root biomass of maize plants in the fluvo-aquic soil area of Zhengzhou all showed an increasing trend,and the number of fine roots(0.05 ? 0.25 mm)in the mature stage of maize increased,especially MNPK treatment,and the root length,root surface area and root biomass increased significantly.MNPK treatment increased the ratio of rough root and root length,but there was no significant difference between MNPK and CK treatment.The root biomass under NPK treatment was significantly higher than that under CK treatment,and there was no significant difference between the average root diameter(slightly higher)and specific root length(slightly lower)than that under CK treatment.(3)The indexes of root length,surface area and biomass of maize plants in Jinxian red soil area were significantly improved under fertilization treatment,especially MNPK treatment.The fertilization treatment reduced the average diameter of maize roots in the mature stage and increased the number of fine roots in the mature stage.The average diameter of roots in the NPK and MNPK treatments decreased by 14.88% and 20.83% respectively.Compared with CK treatment,the specific root length of MNPK treatment increased by 51.64 %,while that of NPK treatment decreased by 45.92 %,showing significant differences among different treatments.This study showed that three different soil types under two different fertilization treatments significantly promoted root length,root surface area,root volume and root biomass.Different fertilization treatments in different regions of root length,root surface area and root biomass showed MNPK > NPK > CK,and MNPK significantly increased the effect.Fertilization increased the number of fine roots at maturity.Under the same fertilization treatment,except for the average diameter of the root system,black soil was most conducive to the growth and development of corn and the promoting effect of fertilizer on the root growth of different soil types of corn was black soil > fluvo-aquic soil > red soil.I It can be seen that fertilization can significantly promote the growth of maize roots in different soil types,especially MNPK treatment.