Analysis Of The Effect Of Nature Reserves On Plant Protection

China is one of the countries with the richest biodiversity.In order to protect fragile ecosystems and endangered wildlife,we have implemented important measures to establish a network of nature reserves.Natural resource using,socioeconomic development,land use change and global climate change have affected the nature reserves.In this context,the protective effectiveness of nature reserves has become a hot issue of concern for conservation biology.However,there is a lack of a systematic overall assessment for protective effectiveness of Chinese nature reserves.This article took China's nature reserves as the research object,used the GAP analysis to analyze protective effectiveness of the nature reserves on various vegetation types and key wild protected plants in China.The data we used includes NDVI remote sensing images,national vegetation coverage maps,national key protected wild plant directories,and the areas and geographic locations and boundaries of nature reserves.At the same time,a national carbon storage estimation model was established to calculate the spatiotemporal changes of the vegetation carbon storage in the nature reserves from 2000 to 2015,so as to understand the change trend of the carbon sequestration capacity of the vegetation in the NRs over time in China.Results showed as follow:1.There was a strong imbalance in the NNRs coverage of different vegetation types across China that somewhat parallels their highly uneven regional distribution;Vegetation units that harbor particularly high levels of species richness like many tropical forest types were particularly strongly underrepresented in the current NNR network,while vegetation types encountered in dry climatic conditions that comprise only a small fraction of China's biodiversity were overrepresented;The NNRs network had a highly dispersed spatial distribution pattern in areas with insufficient protection ratios.From the southeast to the west of China,the area of NNRs increased and the degree of fragmentation gradually decreased.2.National nature reserves played an important role in protecting key wild plants.At present,73%of the total protected key wild plants were covered in the NNRs network,and 45 species of Grade I wild plants was included(87%of the total);69 species(27%)of wild plants was unprotected,among which the highest number was appeared in Pteridophytes,which were mostly distributed in the south of the Yangtze River;The national nature reserves in Northeast China had relatively good coverage of key wild plants,while the NNRs in Yunnan,Sichuan,Guangdong and Guangxi not only showed higher numbers of wild plant species,but also the larger protected vacancies.3.From 2000 to 2015,the carbon storage of vegetation in the NRs showed a clear upward trend,and the proportion of NRs vegetation carbon storage to the country was also constantly increasing;The growth rate of forest vegetation carbon storage in nature reserves was higher than that of grassland,and different types of forest and grassland vegetation have also shown positive growth;Forest carbon stocks in some of the NRs in Northeast of China showed a declined growth trend,while the grassland carbon stocks mainly degraded in the southern NRs of China;As of 2015,the vegetation carbon storage in the NRs only accounted for 10.83%of the national vegetation carbon stocks,so the management and construction of NRs should be strengthened.We suggested:to expand the area and scale of temperate,subtropical and tropical regions of national nature reserves,and enhance connectivity between protected areas;Establish nature reserves in the areas with low opportunity costs and high plant richness.At the same time,the abandoned land on the edge of farmland can be used to expand and build national nature reserves networks to enhance the integrity of the protected area system;For the already protected wild plant species,it is necessary to strengthen their habitat conditions and management of the NRs,and avoid excessive human activities,and improve the safety of in-situ conservation;Besides,the protection of important wild plants which distributed outside nature reserves should be improved,especially the most important and endangered Class I protected wild plant species,with emphasis on strengthening the protection of Pteridophytes;Improve the protection system of Northeast forest ecosystems in the NRs network,and strengthen the protection and management of grasslands in the south and increase the overall grassland carbon storage in nature reserves across the country.