| Derived from the dry ripe sarcocarp of Cornus officinalis Sieb.et.Zucc.of the Cornaceae family,the functions of Fructus Corni are to benefit liver and kidney,to put restraint on sperm and to solidify collapase,has a long medicinal history and is one of the three famous and valuable woody medicinal plants.The crude or wine-processed products are usually used clinically,and the former has the effects of inducing astringent and arresting sweating and the latter plays a vital role in tonic.Some studies indicate that Cornus officinalis has good efficacy on type 2 diabetes.This paper compared the effect of crude drugs and processed products on type 2 diabetes mice to provide experimental basis for their clinical rational use.We established a method of ultra high performance liquid chromatography to determine the contents of six components in crude and wine-processed products of Cornus officinalis and analysis the change of the effective components before and after processing of Cornus officinalis;The type 2 diabetes mice established by high fat and high sugar diet with streptozotocin(STZ)were used to investigate the effect of crude and wine-processed products of Cornus officinalis on glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism and insulin signaling pathway PI3K/AKT and the experiment results indicate that crude products of Cornus officinalis have better effect;Finally,it was compared that the antidiabetics of different extractions including iridoid glycoside,stone tannins,total saponins and alcohol extraction on the type 2 diabetes mice.The main findings of this experiment were stated as follows:(1)A method of ultra high performance liquid chromatography was established to determine the contents of six components of Cornus officinalis.A Shim-pack XR-ODS?(2.0 mm×75 mm,1.6 ?m)was used with a flow rate of 0.2 mL · min-1;Detection wavelength was set at 250 nm and the injection volume was 1 ?L;The column temperature was maintained at 30 ?;Mobile phase was composed of(A)acetonitrile and(B)aqueous phosphoric acid(0.1%,v/v)using a gradient elution of 0?3 min,2%?5%A;3?5 min,5%?17%A;5?10 min,17%?17.5%A;10?11 min,17.5%?30%A;11?15 min,30%?60%A;This newly established method was validated as rapid,simple and precise and can provide a reference basis for control and assessment the quality of Cornus officinalis objectively and effectively.(2)There were differences in the contents of gallic acid,5-HMF,morroniside,loganin,sweroside and comuside of Cornus officinalis.The contents of gallic acid and 5-HMF in wine-processed products were higher than those in crude products;However,the contents of morroniside and loganin in wine-processed products were lower than those in crude products;The contents of sweroside and cornuside increased slightly after wine-processing.(3)The experiment findings about the effect on the type 2 diabetes mice before and after processing of Cornus officinalis were as follows:crude and wine-processed products can improve the glucose metabolism of the type 2 diabetes mice.Compared with diabetic model mice,crude products and wine-processed products significantly increased the weight and insulin sensitivity index(ISI),reduced insulin resistance index(IRI)and improved the glucose tolerance;Meanwhile the fasting blood glucose of mice of each treated group was significantly reduced and the fasting blood glucose of mice of the high of crude products was lower significantly than those of the high of wine-processed products;Fasting insulin levels(FINS)and homeostasis model assessment-B(HOMA-P)of mice of the middle of crude products and the high of crude products were increased significantly,in addition,FINS and HOMA-? of mice of the high of crude products were higher significantly than those of the high of wine-processed products;At the same time total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and free fatty acid(FFA)were improved,it illustrated that crude products and wine-processed products of Cornus officinalis can improve the lipid metabolism disorder of the type 2 diabetes mice;In the respect of insulin signaling pathway PI3K/AKT,the high dose of crude products and the high dose of wine-processed products of Cornus officinalis up-regulated the phosphorylation level of InsR,IRS,PI3K and AKT and the effect of the former was better than the latter.(4)The pharmacology experiment findings about different extractions including iridoid glycoside,stone tannins,total saponins and alcohol extraction on the type 2 diabetes mice were as follows.Iridoid glycoside,stone tannins,total saponins and alcohol extraction of Cornus officinalis could improve the glucose-lipid metabolism disorder of the type 2 diabetes mice,especially iridoid glycoside had a better curative effect on reducing FBG and increasing FINS;The four different extractions could improve liver steatosis and repair the damaged islet of the type 2 diabetes mice in different degrees and had certain protective effects on the liver;In the respect of insulin signaling pathway PI3K/AKT,the four different extractions up-regulated the phosphorylation level of InsR,IRS,PI3K and AKT;Interns of gluconeogenesis,different extractions down-regulated the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase(PEPCK),glucose-6-phosphatase(G6Pase)and forkhead transcription factor,forkhead box protein of the subclass O,member 1(FoxO1). |
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