Study On The Anti-influenza A Virus Activity Of Amaranth And Its Material Basis

The acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus is called influenza,which has the characteristics of fast transmission,strong infectious and high incidence.In our country,every winter and spring,the weather changes greatly and it is easy to cause the pandemic of the influenza.At present,the main measures for prevention and control of influenza drug therapy and vaccine,influenza virus is single-stranded RNA virus,however,subtypes,and easy mutation that made the drug therapy and vaccination are not effective against new influenza,every year the death toll from rising,is one of the threats to global public security problems.So it is urgent to develop new anti-influenza virus drugs.Neuraminidase is an important glycoprotein on the surface of influenza virus.It plays an important role in the spread of influenza.Neuraminidase can enhance the virus's infectivity and promote the release and spread of offspring viruses.Scientists have analyzed the structure of neuraminidase protein and found that the amino acid residues of its target are highly conserved,which provides a scientific basis for the development of neuraminidase inhibitors.Acalypha australis L.is a plant of the genus Acalypha,belonging to the Euphorbiaceae.It uses the whole plant as a medicine,has a slightly bitter taste,astringent,flat,and has the functions of clearing away heat and detoxifying.In the south of Hunan,Acalypha australis L.has a history of preventing and treating influenza,but it has not been reported in the literature through consulting the literature.Therefore,the research group will take neuraminidase as the target,first carry out the pharmacodynamic study on the anti-influenza A virus of the ethanol extracts of Acalypha australis L.,and then dissolve the ethanol extracts of Acalypha australis L.from the system.Different polar parts-petroleum ether parts?PE?,chloroform part?C?,ethyl acetate part?E?,and n-butanol part?B?were obtained.Using conventional column chromatography and purification were carried out to separate the compounds from the stem of Acalypha australis L.and 16 compounds were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance.The results are as follows:?-sitosterol 1,Friedelin 2,Stigmastane-3,6-dione 3,Bis?2-ethylhexyl?phthalate 4,?-daucosterol 5,2,5-Dimethoxybenzoic acid 6,Catechol 7,3-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid 8,3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 9,Gallic acid 10,Chrysoeriol-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside11,Rutin 12,Quercetin 13,Uracil 14,2-Methyl-3-hydroxypyridine 15,N-butyl-?-D-fructopyranoside 16.Among then,3?4?6?7?11?14?15 and 16 are isolated from the plant for the first time.Based on its structural characteristics,Rutin,Quercetin,Corkone,3-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid,Gallic acid,and Chrysoeriol-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside were selected for screening the activity of influenza A virus neuraminidase.The results showed that Rutin and Quercetin IC₅₀0 were 97.2,85.8moL/L,respectively.In this experiment,using neuraminidase as a target,we study the anti-influenza A virus activity of Chinese medicine Acalypha australis L.,explore the mechanism and material basis of Acalypha australis L.resistance to influenza,and provide experimental basis for further research and development.