Based On The PI3K/Akt And APN/AMPK Signal Pathways, The Effects Of Astragalus And Pueraria On The Glucose And Lipid Metabolism Of The Skeletal Muscle Of Diabetic Rats Were Investigated

Purpose:Based on the two energy metabolism signal transduction pathways of PI3K/Akt and APN/AMPK,the effects of Astragalus,Puerariae and their compatibility on skeletal muscle glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in diabetic rats were explored,which provided experimental basis for clinical effective treatment of diabetes.Material and method:The data stratification method was used to stratify blood glucose.According to the random sampling principle,86 healthy SPF-free Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into 6 groups,namely,11 in the normal group,15 in the model groups,15 in the positive control groups,15 in the Astragalus group,15 in the Pueraria group,and 15 in the Astragalus group.Except the normal group,the other 5 groups of rats were given a 2%streptozotocin（STZ）solution at a dose of 46mg·kg^-1,and the experimental rats were induced into a diabetic model by intraperitoneal injection.The normal group and the model group were given the same amount of distilled water 10 ml·kg^-1,and the positive control group,the Astragalus group,the Pueraria group,and the Astragalus and Pueraria group were dosed according to 1.47,2.70,1.35,and 4.05 g·kg^-1·d^-11 respectively.The rats in the 6 groups were given a continuous gavage for 30 days.Blood glucose,serum total cholesterol（CHO）and serum triglyceride（TG）levels were measured in rats.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assay（ELISA）was used to detect levels of insulin（Ins）,insulin receptors（InsR）,glucose transporter-4（GLUT-4）,adiponectin（APN）and adiponectin receptor（AdipoR）in rat skeletal muscle.Detection by reverse transcription PCR（RT-PCR）mouse skeletal muscle insulin receptor substrate-2（IRS-2）,phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K）,protein kinase B-2（Akt2）,glycogen synthase kinase 3β（GSK-3β）,GLUT-4,adiponectin receptor 1（AdipoR1）,and adenylate-activated protein kinase alpha（AMPKα）.The data of this experiment was processed using statistical analysis software of Statistical Product and Service Solutions 17.0.Results1.Effects on blood glucose and blood lipid levels in diabetic ratsCompared with the normal group,blood glucose,serum total cholesterol,and triglyceride levels in the model group were significantly higher（P<0.05）.Compared with the model group,blood glucose,serum total cholesterol,and triglyceride levels in the Astragalus group,Pueraria group,Astragalus and Pueraria group were significantly lower（P<0.05）.In the regulation of blood glucose and serum total cholesterol,the compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria did not show an interactive effect,which was not statistically significant（P>0.05）.In the regulation of serum triglycerides,the compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria showed an interactive effect,and the combination of the two drugs was superior to the single drug,which was statistically significant（P<0.05）.2.Effects on the levels of skeletal muscle Ins,InsR,GLUT-4,APN and AdipoR in diabetic ratsCompared with the normal group,the Ins,InsR,GLUT-4,APN,and AdipoR levels in the model group decreased,with statistical difference（P<0.05）.（1）Effects on skeletal muscle Ins levels:Compared with the model group,the Ins levels in the Astragalus group and the Pueraria group were significantly higher（P<0.05）.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria showed an interactive effect,and the combination of the two drugs was not as good as that of jaundice alone,which was statistically significant（P<0.000）.（2）Effects on skeletal muscle InsR levels:Compared with model group,InsR levels in Astragalus group,Pueraria group,Astragalus and Pueraria group were significantly higher（P<0.05）.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria showed an interactive effect,and the combination of the two drugs was not as good as that of jaundice alone,which was statistically significant（P<0.000）.（3）Effects on skeletal muscle GLUT-4 levels:Compared with model group,GLUT-4 levels in Astragalus group,Astragalus and Pueraria group were significantly increased（P<0.05）.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria did not show an interactive effect,which was not statistically significant（P>0.05）.（4）Effects on APN levels in skeletal muscle:Compared with model group,APN levels in Astragalus group,Pueraria group,Astragalus and Pueraria group increased significantly with statistical difference（P<0.05）.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria showed an interactive effect,and the combination of the two drugs was not as good as that of jaundice alone,which was statistically significant（P<0.000）.（5）Effects on skeletal muscle AdipoR levels:Compared with model group,AdipoR levels in Astragalus group,Astragalus and Pueraria group increased significantly with statistical difference（P<0.05）.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria showed an interactive effect,and the combination of the two drugs was superior to the single drug,which was statistically significant（P<0.000）.3.Effects on the expression of IRS-2,PI3K,Akt2,GSK-3β,GLUT-4,AdipoR1,AMPKαmRNA in skeletal muscle of diabetic ratsCompared with the normal group,the expression of IRS-2,PI3K,Akt2,GLUT-4,AdipoR1,AMPKαmRNA in the model group decreased,and the expression of GSK-3βmRNA increased,which was statistically significant（P<0.05）.（1）Effects on the expression of IRS-2 mRNA in skeletal muscle:Compared with the model group,the expression of IRS-2mRNA in the Astragalus group,Astragalus and Pueraria group was significantly increased（P<0.05）.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria did not show an interactive effect,which was not statistically significant（P>0.05）.（2）Effects on PI3K mRNA expression in skeletal muscle:Compared with model group,the expression of PI3K mRNA in Astragalus group,Pueraria group,Astragalus and Pueraria group was significantly increased（P<0.05）.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria showed an interactive effect,and the combination of the two drugs was not as good as that of jaundice alone,which was statistically significant（P<0.05）.（3）Effects on Akt2 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle:Compared with model group,Akt2 mRNA expression in Astragalus group,Pueraria group,Astragalus and Pueraria group was significantly increased（P<0.05）.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria did not show an interactive effect,which was not statistically significant（P>0.05）.（4）Effects on the expression of GSK-3βmRNA in skeletal muscle:Compared with model group,the expression of GSK-3βmRNA in Astragalus group,Pueraria group,Astragalus and Pueraria group was significantly decreased（P<0.05）.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria did not show an interactive effect,which was not statistically significant（P>0.05）.（5）Effect on GLUT-4 mRNA expression:Compared with model group,GLUT-4 mRNA expression in Astragalus group,Pueraria group,Astragalus and Pueraria group was significantly increased（P<0.05）.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria did not show an interactive effect,which was not statistically significant（P>0.05）.（6）Effect on AdipoR1 mRNA expression:Compared with model group,AdipoR1 mRNA expression in Astragalus group,Pueraria group,Astragalus and Pueraria group was significantly increased（P<0.05）.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria showed an interactive effect,and the combination of the two drugs was not as good as single drug use,which was statistically significant（P<0.05）.（7）Effects on AMPKαmRNA expression:Compared with model group,the expression of AMPKαmRNA in Astragalus group,Pueraria group,Astragalus and Pueraria group was significantly increased（P<0.05）.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria did not show an interactive effect,which was not statistically significant（P>0.05）.Conclusion1.Astragalus,Puerariae and their compatibility have the effect of reducing blood sugar and blood lipid levels in diabetic rats.2.Astragalus,Puerariae and their compatibility in regulating blood sugar and serum CHO did not show an interaction effect.In the regulation of serum TG,the compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria has an interactive effect,and the combination of the two drugs is superior to the single drug,indicating that the synergy exerted by the compatibility is synergistic or antagonistic selectivity.3.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria showed no interaction in regulating protein GLUT-4 and gene IRS-2,Akt2,GSK-3β,GLUT-4 and AMPK.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria had interaction effect in regulating protein Ins,InsR and gene PI3K,but it was better than that of Pueraria alone.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria had interaction effect in regulating gene AdipoR1,but it was not as good as a single drug.The compatibility of Astragalus and Pueraria has an interactive effect in terms of regulating protein APN and AdipoR,and the combination of the two drugs is superior to the use of a single drug.These results suggest that the mechanism of compatibility regulating glucose-lipid metabolism may be related to the expression changes of key factors in PI3K/Akt and APN/AMPK signal transduction pathways,and the compatibility exerts synergistic and antagonistic selectivity.