A Study Of Buddhist Magic And Secret Mantras In The Tang And Five Dynasties

Mysticism is an atmosphere created by early religion.In the early stages of communication,communicators often claim to have some supernatural power and then gain the trust of their followers to spread their ideas.In the early days of Buddhism,the propagandists used magic,divination,astrology,and medicine to give grace to others.In this process,a different culture of God was gradually born,especially in the Wei,Jing,Southern and Northern dynasties,when monks often used some unique techniques to spread Buddhism,so that kings and the people could see their divine strength.As a result,"the monk passed on the God of different chapters".But with the Buddhist system,this supernatural mystical power is replaced by the belief of the gods,and monks use a devout power to explain supernatural divinity.In the middle and late Tang Dynasty,in order to meet the needs of the upper class of the Tang Dynasty,originally advocated the practice of the secret Tauroni,and formulated a new system of mantra practice,and incorporated its own way of practice.Through the efforts of generations of eminent monks,such as fearlessness,adamancy,Vajra,etc.,the Tantrums were born.Tantrics extracted pure mantras from their original divinity as part of their own practice.They constantly translate the mantra and seek ways in which they can practice themselves.At the same time,the monks responded positively to the monarch's call and put the practice of mantra into society,thus establishing the ritual of mantra,using the divine function of mantra to elevate the divinity of emperors,and propagating the idea of benevolent kings.So that the Tantrics and the emperor reached a perfect tacit understanding.In order to distinguish between secret mantra and primitive witchcraft,secret mantra strengthens the protective power of body,exorcism and so on,and emphasizes a kind of spiritual belief.Rather than simply showing their divinity to satisfy human wishes.In the process of translating scriptures and deepening practice,the practice brought about by esoteric mantra is written in a manner different from that of God.Human absorption,thus creating the characteristics of the Tang Dynasty legend novel.The stories recorded in these novels not only reflect the individual author's imagination,but also represent the general feelings of the ordinary people and the literati at that time.In the process of spreading secret mantra,it brings the divinity atmosphere andfolk life,and creates a unique culture.Studying the influence and result of secret mantra in this process can well restore the acceptance of secret religion in the society at that time,which is of great significance to the study of secret culture in Tang Dynasty.Based on the utilization of divinity in the initial spread of Buddhism,this paper explores the changes of secret mantras in the process of the evolution of divinity to sensibility.At the same time,this paper focuses on the social practice of secret mantra in the period of Tantrism,the positive significance of secret mantra and its social acceptance benefit.The paper is divided into three chapters,the use of literature text specific analysis,chapter comparison dialectical discussion method,combs secret mantra deity different evolution.