The Middle East Railway And Its Impact On Sino-Russian Trade

As a part of Russia's Siberian Railway,the Middle East Railway is a railroad built and operated by Russia in northeastern China.It west of Manzhouli,Suifenhe to the east,as an aggressor tool of Russia,but also with the western Russia's Beijiaer Railway and the South Wusuli railway,the extension from Harbin to south until Lvshun.Based on this T-shaped railway,the northeast region has gradually formed a huge railway network.The construction of the Middle Eastrailway not only promoting Russia's investment in northeast China and the development of Sino-Russian trade,but also has extensive and profound influences on the economic,political and cultural life in northeast China.On the other hand,it should be fully recognized that the Middle East Railway is a product of the aggression of tsarist Russia on northeast China.Tsarist Russia robbing the natural resources in northeast China through construction of railways,dumping surplus commodities,and establishing a landlocked country like the "railway subordinate land" and other similar concessions to firmly control the political,economic and military affairs in northeastern China.Taking the influence of the Middle East Railway and its trade on China and Russia as the research object,based on a large amount of relevant historical data and the guidance of historical materialism and dialectical materialist Marxism,this paper makes a detailed historical survey of the Middle East Railway,to explore its impact on Sino-Russian trade.This article includes the following sections:The first part mainly introduces the construction of the Middle East Railway.Including the historical background of the railway construction and the general situation of the railway construction,which will be the basis for the following research.The second part introduces the Sino-Russian trade before and after the construction of the Middle East Railway.Including the historical background of the middle and late 19 th century,the changes in the nature of trade,the expansion of trade scale,the increasingly prominent trade inequality after the railway construction,the change of trade mode and the further expansion of trade scale.Secondly,hackling the main types of goods trade between China and Russia after the railway construction.The third part mainly summarizes the impact of the construction of the Middle East Railway on the trade between China and Russia.For both China and Russia,it has promoted the development of trade between the two countries and also benefited a lot from Russia.For China itself,the Middle East Railway leads China's northeast economy at the same time promote its modernization process.The fourth part mainly makes an objective historical assessment of the Middle East Railway from the perspective of historical materialism,including its positive and negative effects.