Research On Several Issues Of Women And Buddhist Beliefs In The Tang Dynasty

With the unearthed of the epitaph materials,the research works on women in the Tang Dynasty are increasing.Especially in combination with the epitaph materials,the research on women's worship of Buddha in the Tang Dynasty is becoming more sophisticated.This article,taking Tang epitaph as the center,aims to explore the'phenomena and relations of the women in the Tang Dynasty by the three related issues of the Tang dynasty women and the Buddhist beliefs.According to the epitaph statistics,he number of eldest daughter worship Buddha is more than other daughters,and there are many ways to choose to be at home.In the birth of the eldest daughter,only 6 parties used Da de Ni as the epitaph of the master,and they were all from the bureaucratic family or the royal family,and were sent to the monastery by their families when they were children.For the general believers of Buddhism,in the two stages of life of virgins and married women,the proportion of the eldest daughter in the worship of Buddha is greater than that of the female.In the case of virgins,in addition to being unable to heal due to pain and turning to Buddhism,influenced by parents and family beliefs,it is very natural to worship Buddha.In terms of married women,whether they are widowed or not,the choice of Buddhism in addition to the dominant factors of personal interest is also related to the sufferings experienced in life.In particular,the widowed women,to support the family,to pay the family tax,plus psychological grief,the responsibility of nurturing the brphans,the instability during the war,all drive women to see through the bitter,choose to believe in Buddhism to achieve the balance of the heart and the peace of life,and seek spiritual survival.Whether family or identity,the eldest daughter has more responsibilities than other daughters,and her mind is more mature,making it easier to devote herself to Buddhism.The belief in Buddhism made the eldest daughter never marry,presided over housekeeping,even devoted herself to Buddhism,and carried forward Buddhism all her life.There are family features of the women in the Tang Dynasty.Because women have less social activities than men,they are confined to family affairs,and their cultural education is relatively poor.Therefore,women believe in Buddhism more easily influenced by the family environment and their parents' wishes.Especially in their virgins,they have received daily education from their parents.If their parents are in the Buddha,they are exposed to Buddhism from an early age.They are more likely to be influenced by the ideas of Buddhism,and they are more likely to voluntarily go to the Buddha,or when they encounter hardship,long illness and other major changes in life,they turn to Buddhism.Pray for happiness,to win the world or to transcend life and death,and to get rid of it.Apart from the influence of their parents,women in the epitaph are influenced by their aunt and even apprentice to them.Some of them are brothers and sisters who worship Buddha.For married women,many husbands and their wives,mother-in-law and daughter-in-law worship Buddha.Of course,there are also married women who worship Buddha to influence their children to worship the Buddha.Although the burial of women in the Tang Dynasty was mostly burial,the phenomenon of burial after their death was common.The women in Buddhism usually use the reasons for "understanding the Buddha gate,taking off the fate of the world" and the words of "the joint burial is not ancient and why they must be buried together" to express their reluctance to comply with the traditional funeral ceremony of the husband and wife.The forms of non burial are mainly divided into various forms,such as the ceremony of Buddha and burial,the burial of different grave,and so on.Because of the religious beliefs of Buddhism,the choice of breaking the traditional burial system of couples is enough to see the influence of Buddhist belief on women.