Merleau-Ponty's Physical Phenomenology Research

Maurice Merleau-Ponty(Maurice Merleau-Ponty)is a prominent figure of French existential Western Marxism.His body theory integrates the ideas of phenomenology,existentialism,Gestalt psychology,Hegel's philosophy and Marxist dialectics.The reason why his body phenomenology can break through the transcendental problem of Husserl's phenomenology has a great relationship with his Marxist philosophical accomplishments.Its philosophical features are"ambiguous," but ambiguity is only his philosophical approach,not a philosophical conclusion.First of all,he set up a no-premeditated and unpredictable ontological position for consciousness.From the perceptual level,he surpassed the duality of subject and object with his own unique and ambiguous logic.In fact,he used a thorough empiricism to cancel his thinking and opposition exists,that is,the original,phenomenal body into the world.In his early writings on body phenomenology,he believes that the world comes from the manifestation of the body,the body is the world to understand the foundation of the world.In his later thoughts,he proposed the new concept of "meat" as the ontological foundation of the flesh of the world.In his development of body phenomenology,there has been a gradual change from the own body phenomenology to the ontology of body.The study of his physical phenomena can not only continue to perfect the body theory of consciousness,but also have great significance for the study of Marxist philosophy.This article is divided into introduction,the main content and conclusion.The introduction includes the origin of the topic,the research method and significance,the research status at home and abroad.The main content is divided into three chapters:The first chapter mainly expounds the theoretical origin of the body phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty.First of all,the general course of"body" in the history of western philosophy is ascertained.Traditional western philosophy puts the body in a low status and a sub-soul status.It was not until La Mettrie focus on the study of the body that the status of the body gradually increased.Then,the body phenomenology theory of Merleau-Ponty is introduced from the Marxist philosophy,phenomenology and other philosophers' inspiration.It is precisely because of the absorption of the inter-school,interdisciplinary thinking,formed a unique body phenomenology.The second chapter is based on the writing logic of "Perception phenomenology" by Merleau-Ponty,and emphatically expounds all dimensions of "body".First,he used the "ambiguous" approach to transcend the opposition between body and mind dualism,arguing that the relationship between body and mind is dialectical.Second,Gestalt theory of Gestalt philosophy prompted him to put forward the "body schema",emphasizing the integrity of the body,the blind's cane is the best example.Furthermore,he describes the "body" of space,that space is a perceived space,the body carries the space,body and space both invade each other's territory.He not only expanded the content of "body schema"through space,but also creatively proposed a "preexisting space." For the time dimension of phenomenological body,he thinks time comes from the body's interaction with the surroundings.Habit of the body and the current body corresponding to the time respectively,non-personal time and personal time,but the two often have a disconnect.With regard to the verbal nature of the body,he believes that the first and the essence of speech is a physical gesture,and the body is a unique symbol for everyone.Finally,by "treat others as we expect to be treated",he also studied how the ego and the other were physically connected,and realized the paradigm shift of Husserl's subject of consciousness with the body of the subject.The third chapter mainly analyzes Merleau-Ponty's post-mortem thinking."Meat" is an original concept,it is neither material nor spiritual,but an element.The key to "meat" lies in its reversibility,which is like the folds in a cloth,the interweaving of the visible and the invisible,and elevating the body to the ontological level-the flesh of the world.The essence of the flesh of the world is an ultimate body pattern that answers my relationship with the world.The conclusion is a summary of the research on the body phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty.His philosophy has been influenced by many disciplines,especially art and psychology.Its writing style is poetic.By studying his body phenomenology,this article summarizes three logical ideas and reflects on his theory.While agreeing with the innovation of his body phenomenology,he also finds his limitations in thought.Logical thinking:dialectic logic,continuous backlog logic and the logic of expanding body schema content.Innovative points:the philosophical innovation,paradigm innovation,argumentation innovation and concept innovation.Limitations:the limitations of the philosophy of consciousness,the limitations of the subjective perspective,the limitations of the meat of the world and emphasis on the limitations of the art of painting.