Research On Chen Jitai's "Book Of Songs"

The close relationship between Confucian classics and imperial examinations in the Ming Dynasty helped to promote the rapid development of Confucian classics in Ming Dynasty.The Juye Confucian classics was not only affected by the eight-legged essay(a type of writing which was popular in both Ming and Qing dynasty in China),but also reflected the development trend of Confucian classics in the Ming Dynasty.At the end of the Ming Dynasty,the eight-legged essay was on the wane,and the study of Confucian classics was "empty." Some people of insight are trying to change the status quo.They changed the current writing through the selection of literature by literature association,and also leveraged the eight-strand essay to leverage the "emptiness" of the study of classics in the late Ming Dynasty.This article intends to provide a case study of the study of Confucian classics in the Ming Dynasty under the influence of the Eight Imperial Examinations through a case study of Chen Jitai's Book of Songs.The first chapter firstly introduces Chen Jitai's life.Chen Jitai was an eight-legged writer at the end of the Ming Dynasty.He spent most of his life in the field and participated in the selection of essays for a long time.It is this special imperial examination and the historical literary background that made it possible to study "Poetry" through the path of studying Juye Confucian classics.Secondly,it summarizes the written style of "The Book of Songs".The Book of Songs was compiled by what Chen Jitai learned from reading and what he noted while reading,which embodies Chen Jitai's view of The Book of Songs.The book does not record the original text of the Book of Songs,and is composed of 4 "General Discussions" and 131 dissertations.There is no textual evidence,and basically does not involve exegesis.The second chapter,analyzes the contents of Chen Jitai's Read to Book of songs according to the four "General Remarks" in Poetry.First of all,Chen Jitai has a general understanding of the book of songs from the perspective of Confucian classics.First,he is in favor of "the theory of deleting poems" and believes that "three hundred poems" is the result of Confucius' deleting nine out of ten poems of "Feng".Secondly,he realized that "Ya" and "song" were essentially poems of "Feng".And "six classics are all history",the book of songs is also the history of Ming Dao.Thirdly,he innovated the viewpoint of "elegance is changing" in his inheritance.He divided the positive changes of Guofeng into two parts,"Er Nan" and "Bin Feng",and the other parts were "changing Feng".He distinguished the positive changes of Er Ya with "Mei Ci" as the standard.On the basis of Cheng's and Zhu's viewpoints,he transferred the four poems of Xiaoya,"Chuci","Xinnan mountain","Futian" and "Datian" into "Zhengya".He also introduced Zhu Zi's theory of "changing and correcting",which provided a reasonable explanation for the contradiction between the nature and position of the poetry in the book of songs.Secondly,for Guofeng poetry,he also adopted "preface to poetry”and Zhu Zi's theory.He thought that Guofeng was a kind of poetry that the rulers practiced "Fengjiao" and "Fengqi",and its essence was "covering Zhou".On the origin of Guofeng's poems,he advocated the theory of "collecting poems" by the Taishi.He also believed that the division of labor between the royal family and the princes existed in"Er Nan" and devoted himself to supplement the theory of "King Wen's transformation".In terms of language,he believed that changing the Feng and more "sad words" would create a poetic tradition of "poetry expresses aspiration and singing words".In the arrangement of "Feng",he paid attention to the theory of "four beginnings" and pointed out that "Feng" is a cycle of "positive change positive".Thirdly,for the "two elegant" poetry,Chen Jitai advocates that "two elegant" are all the poems of the emperor,and focuses on the division of big and small elegant poetry content.He thought that the order of Yu Qing and Li should be Xiao Ya first and Da Ya later.In the analysis of Xiaoya,he focuses on the "elegant change" and the determination of the poetry age.In the interpretation of Daya,he also pays attention to the "elegant change".In addition,he also introduces the theory of "rise and fall",whose purpose is to bridge the contradiction between the position of the poetry of Fengya and its theory.Finally,Chen Jitai also emphasized the contents of sacrifice in the three songs,and thus advocated the progressive respect of Feng,Ya and song.He believed that Zhou Song was "pure" and in accordance with the "Ye Yun theory",while Lu Song "did not dare to imitate Zhou purely".When it cones to Shang song,it thinks that its time is ahead of Zhou Dynasty,which contradicts with the general theory of national ethos.The third chapter shows that from the perspective of the imperial examinations,the most prominent f'eature of Chen Jitai's study of Poetry is that it studies Poetry by grammar of the time.At first,this chapter makes a brief introduction of the history of eight-legged literature in the Ming Dynasty.Selecting talent with the Eight-part essay writing began in Hongwu period(1368?1398)in Ming dynasty.In the Imperial Examinations of the Ming Dynasty,there were a set of formulas for the eight-stroke texts.Since Yongle Emperor promulgated the "Five Classics of the Four Books",the essays of the candidates can only explain cheng-zhu neo-confucianism;the "eight shares" section must be complete.But not all the eight-stranded writings of the Ming Dynasty followed the"eight-stranded" formulas.With the eight-legged essay changing from prosperity to decline,more and more people abandoned this way of writing.Because of that,Chen Jitai and other people of insight who tried to change the situation of eight-legged writing shouted the slogan "Take ancient text as the time" at the end of Ming Dynasty.Secondly,this chapter analyzes the characteristics of Chen Jitai's research on "Poem" in"time-based grammar".First,in order to cater to the actual examination needs of the Book of Songs,Chen Jitai has set up four "general chapters"in the style of "Book of Songs",and arranges monologues,syntheses,and omissions according to the test sites.Secondly,Chen Jitai also applied the theory of "taking ancient writings as the historical writings" to the study of "Poetry".On the one hand,he inherited the practice of integrating classics and histories in the movement of "taking ancient writings as the time" during the Zheng and Jia period in Ming dynasty to enrich the content of the eight-legged essay.On the other hand,he is also different from the theory of "taking ancient writings as the time" between Zheng and Jia period in Ming dynasty.There are two main characteristics chen Jitai's study.He not only respects" Zun Ben Zhu Shuo",but also adopts ancient annotations and expresses his opinions;and most of his compositions do not follow the "eight-strand" formula.He advocates that if the text has expressed what it want to express,it is acceptable not to obey the rule of eight-legged writing.