The Writing Of The Characters In The Pre-Tang Dynasty Historical Biography In The Dunhuang Bianwen

Historical biography is the source of Chinese narrative literature.Historic figures are constantly rewritten in many subsequent works.The evolution of their images in different texts has attracted wide attention of scholars.There are some Dunhuang Bianwen works which produced in the Tang Dynasty also rewritten historical figures.These works are based on historical books and have an impact on historical novels.Based on the eight historical figures in Dunhuang Bianwen,this paper attempts to explore the similarities and differences between Historical biography and Bianwen by means of parallel study,close reading of texts and social and historical research.Trying to further explore the reasons in the view of cultural,artistic and psychological perspectives.The study of the succession relationship between historical and biographical literature can help us tell the influence of historical biographical on narrative literature,and provide ideas about the communication and exchange of them.This paper consists of three parts including the introduction,main body and conclusion.The introduction part storts out the relevant data.defines the concepts clearly and determines the research scope.The feasibility and value of this study are pointed out through the research status.The research ideas and methods are established.The main body is composed of four chapters.The first chapter discusesthe change of image of historical figure in Bianwen.Starting with the eight selected historical figures,this paper sorts out the literature and find out the difference between the characters in Bianwen and historical books.Laying the foundation for the specific comparative study afterwards.Chapter two is the characteristic of historical figure in bianwen.discussing the difference in language structure and plot story.As a folk art,Bianwen showing the sharp personal feelings and the consistency of the strong colloquial nature,stylization and religiosity.Bright personality description and exaggerated character image explained the pursuit of entertainment.Chapter three discuss the inheritance of Bianwen to historical books.Firstly,the characters in the bianwen have the spirit of Confucianism which include righteousness,Brave,Wisdom,filial piety and maintain imperial power.Secondly,Story narration,Influenced by History Books,always composing with respect for history and accommodation of reality.Thirdly,from the artistic point of view,the Bianwen inherits the descriptive techniques of historical biography,including narrative methods and non-focused third-person narrative methods.Using skillful techniques to make the layout tightly and appropriately.The narrative description of the personage events is more artistic.Chapter foru goes to a further analysis on the reasons leading to the similarities and differences.There are three main reasons:Culture,Art and Psychology.The similarities can be summarized as three points.first,the interpenetration of Buddhism and Confucianism influences the narration of Bianwen and historical biography.second,the Literary attribute of biographical literature makes it have a complex relationship with bibliographic writing.third,the cultural education of writers determines the performance in bibliographic writing.The reasons for the differences can be summarized as follows.From the point of view of the creation process,the purpose of historical biography is to record historical events and provide experience.As a product of religious literature and folk literature,Bianwen have the purpose of making audience feel interesting.In the aesthetic point of view,historical biography narrative pursues elegance and integrity.clarifying "righteousness" is its creative purpose.Bianwen takes vulgarity as its beauty and expresses emotion as main motive force.In terms of creative psychology,their different thinking for self-consciousness lead to their different manifestations of human nature.The conclusion makes an exploration on the research value and significance of the common literary phenomenon under different works with the different culture.Besides,it puts forward the author's views on the process of novel.