Marcuse's Theory Of Technological Alienation And Its Enlightenment To The Development Of Science And Technology In My Country

Marcuse believed that the development of technology had gone beyond people's expectation,and technological rationality dominated and ruled people in the political,economic and ideological fields,becoming an ideology.The technology created by human beings,in turn,dominates and rules human beings,and becomes a dissimilating force opposite to human beings themselves.On the one hand,technological progress has promoted the liberation of productive forces and the rapid development of economy;on the other hand,it has brought about the emergence of new totalitarian features in the modern developed industrial society--the suppression of critical and negative dimensions in people's mind.The duality of technology requires a dialectical view of the role of technology.We should not only recognize the positive aspects brought by technology,but also see the problems of human value distortion,social consumption alienation and ecological crisis caused by technology alienation.However,the more society develops,the more important technology becomes.The trend of technology's penetration and control of society is still being strengthened in certain fields,which is an unavoidable problem even in the process of socialist modernization.Based on marcuse's theory of technological alienation,this paper discusses from the following three parts.The first part starts from the theoretical basis and realistic starting point of marcuse technology alienation.Through the analysis of Marx's theory of labor alienation,the concept of labor alienation and the four forms of labor alienation are clarified,and then the thought and context of marcuse's theory are analyzed from the four forms of labor alienation.It innovatively analyzes the operationism and behaviorism theory introduced by marcuse in the field of philosophy,expounds the technical rationality and political closure,and restates the process of the transition from scientific concept to philosophical concept.By studying the background framework of advanced industrial civilization and analyzing the realization of technology's control over human and society under the conditions of the development of productive forces,production and the improvement of institutional environment,this paper reveals the theoretical basis and intention of marcuse's technology alienation.The second part clarifies the meaning of marcuse's theory of technological alienation on the basis of the research of marcuse's theory of technological alienation,and dialectically analyzes the theory of technological alienation from three aspects: theoretical concept,theoretical significance and limitations.Starting from the expressions of "political freedom","economic freedom" and "ideological freedom" in the developed industrial society,the so-called "free society" is supersated through the control of economic power and economic relations,the integration of political opposites,and the transformation of critical thinking into positive thinking.Then,from the theoretical value and the practical value,the technology alienationtheory is sorted out,which realizes the combination of Marx's labor alienation theory and the practical problems in the developed industrial society,and reaches the "higher" stage of alienation mentioned by marcuse.While affirming the positive aspects of the theory of technological alienation,this paper tries to analyze the limitations of marcuse's theory of technological alienation from three aspects: the incomplete criticism of the causes of technological alienation,the pessimistic attitude towards the return of technological alienation,and the failure to put forward a reasonable path for human liberation.The third part studies the practical problems of China's technology development through the theory of technology alienation.From technical dissimilation phenomena in the process of technology development,the technology of religious,the values of the distortion and ecological crisis intensified three social phenomenon to study,combining the theory of marcuse technology alienation from man's subject position weakened,technology development to strengthen people thought penetration and excessive material needs three reasons were analyzed,and puts forward strengthening the subject status of people,to realize people's free all-round development,and to seek the principles of harmonious coexistence between man and nature,technology development,to set up the correct technique in the socialist modernization construction.