Negotiations On International Agreements On Marine Biodiversity In Areas Beyond The Scope Of National Jurisdiction And Analysis Of Their Dilemmas

BBNJ is currently a hot issue in the process of global ocean governance.On the one hand,with the progress of science and technology and social development,the intensity of human exploitation and utilization of marine resources is increasing,making BBNJ seriously threatened.On the other hand,there are still institutional deficiencies in the existing international treaties regarding the BBNJ issue.Negotiations took place against this background.This is the most important legislative process in the field of the law of the sea.It is related to the adjustment of the marine order,which accounts for 64% of the world's total,and the redistribution of marine interests,and has attracted the general attention of the international community.Since the negotiation,the negotiation process can be roughly divided into three stages: ad hoc working group(2004-2015),preparatory committee(2016-2017)and intergovernmental conference(2016-2017).The content of the negotiations is based on the "Package Deal" of issues determined in 2011.Due to differences in interest demands,disputes and differences emerged in the negotiation of the new agreement.This article reviews the negotiation process of the BBNJ ad hoc working group,the preparatory committee and the intergovernmental meeting under the framework of the United Nations by analyzing the emergence of the BBNJ problem,summarizes the positions of all parties to the negotiation,focuses on the key issues of the negotiation dilemma of the BBNJ international agreement,analyzes the causes of the negotiation dilemma of the BBNJ international agreement.As a responsible maritime power,China actively participates in the negotiation of BBNJ international agreement,earnestly protects China's maritime rights and interests in the negotiation,and promotes the construction of a fair and reasonable new maritime order.The BBNJ international agreement negotiation will be a complicated and arduous multilateral interest game due to the differences and conflicts between the negotiating parties in terms of national interests,values,negotiation objectives and governance system.