Research On The Development And Practice Of The Enlightenment Curriculum Of Computational Thinking In The Lower Grades Of Elementary School

With the rapid development of information technology and the continuous expansion of social impact,Computational Thinking is clearly regarded as a key skill to solve problems.At present,the education of computational thinking is booming,and schools pay more attention to the cultivation of students' computational thinking,and actively carry out relevant courses,such as using Scratch and App Inventor,Arduino and other tools to design programming courses,which infiltrate computational thinking into specific courses.But a course that take computational thinking as the core of teaching,focus on analyzing and helping students understand and master the core concepts and methods of computational thinking has not appeared yet.At the same time,the primary school is the key period for the formation of thinking habits,but there is little relatively researches on primary school students' computational thinking.Therefore,it is of great significance to carry out the research on the enlightenment course of computational thinking in primary school.This study focuses on putting the concepts and methods of computational thinking as the main framework of the initial training.Put Constructivism,Multiple Intelligence theory and Whitehead's educational rhythm as the theoretical basis and use visual programming,unplugged activities,toy entities design teaching activities comprehensively to design and develop enlightenment courses for lower grades in primary school,which does not rely on programming and spiraling upwards.It is hoped that students will develop thinking habits and use computational thinking to effectively solve problems in real life by cultivating their computational thinking.The purpose is to explore effective ways to cultivate lower-grade students' computational thinking.Through literature research and the paper analyzes on the training of primary school computational thinking at home and abroad to understand the research status and the trends of computational thinking,and determine the theme of this study.Summarizing the connotation and characteristics of computational thinking to understand the nature of computational thinking.Defining the relevant concepts to determine the main framework of the curriculum.Sorting out the current training methods and tools to provide favorable conditions for curriculum development.The design-based research method is used to study the enlightenment curriculum of computational thinking in the second grade of a primary school in Xuhui District,Shanghai.This paper puts forward the process of curriculum development based on the ADDIE model,which includes preparation stage,analysis stage,design stage,implementation stage and evaluation and reflection stage.Based on computational thinking in the lower grades of primary school to develop and implement the computational thinking enlightenment course.Combining students' classroom performance,classroom learning sheets,after class learning logs and computational thinking test results to evaluate and analyze the design and teaching effects of the curriculum content.This study conducted two rounds of teaching experiments.After the first round of teaching experiments,it is found that students' lack of knowledge about computational thinking.Use case study method to analyze specific teaching cases,and carry out teaching reflection to find problems.Then perfect the teaching design and improve the corresponding teaching content.After the second round of teaching,the students' mastery of knowledge points related to computing thinking has been improved.Through questionnaire survey and interview,it is learned that the design of diversified curriculum content can stimulate students' interest in learning.Students can recognize the importance of computational thinking in daily life and form the awareness of using computational thinking to solve problems.Through research and practice,this study forms new training concept,training mode and training approach for the education of computational thinking,which has a certain inspiration and reference function,and provides reference for the follow-up research.