The Impact Of Organizational Proximity And Technological Proximity On The Speed Of Knowledge Spillover

With the development of knowledge economy,knowledge plays an important role in the process of economic development.Knowledge innovation is the driving force of human scientific progress and continuously drives the national economy forward.Knowledge spillover has become the focus of research in the field of regional economics and innovation economics.However,with the continuous development of science and technology,the speed of knowledge updating and aging is faster and faster,and the value of knowledge itself also decreases.Therefore,it is of great significance to shorten the time of knowledge spillover,accelerate the speed of knowledge spillover,reduce the value loss caused by knowledge aging,and make full use of the value of knowledge to promote scientific and technological innovation and economic development.In the early research of knowledge spillovers,scholars agree that geographical proximity is beneficial to the spread and diffusion of knowledge between subjects,which plays a major role in knowledge spillovers.However,with the rapid development of transportation,communication technology and Internet,recent research shows that in developing countries such as China,other proximity(such as organizational proximity,technological proximity,etc.)gradually replaced the main role of geographical proximity in knowledge spillovers,and geographical proximity is no longer the main influence factor of knowledge spillovers.The dispute has not been resolved.In this paper I collected 1168 patent citation data from 2005 to 2017 Chinese biotechnology patent from the United States Patent and Trademark Office(USPTO).The time difference between patent references is used to measure the speed of knowledge spillove.The results are as follows:(1)The effect of organizational proximity on time of knowledge spillover is negative(i.e.,the speed of knowledge spillover is positive)but not significant.(2)The effect of technological proximity on the time of knowledge spillovers is positive U(the speed of knowledge spillover is inverted U),and the optimal technological proximity is 0.57,the optimal knowledge spillover rate is 896 days.(3)The positive U relationship of technological proximity to knowledge spillover time is negatively regulated by geographical distance(A positive regulation by geographical proximity).That is to say,the smaller the geographical proximity,the stronger the positive U relationship between technology proximity and knowledge spillover time.In this paper,the forefront of the research of innovative knowledge spillover problem is the speed of knowledge spillover.Based on the data and research conclusions of this paper,I have further answered the debate that in transportation,communication technology and the Internet is so advanced today,geographical proximity are still important issues to knowledge spillovers.Furthermore,the interaction of geographical proximity and technological proximity to the speed of knowledge spillovers is further solved,and the theory of knowledge spillovers from the perspective of proximity will be enriched.