Study On The Evaluation Of The Operational Efficiency Of Chinese Banking Industry And Its Influencing Factors

Efficiency research is a hot spot in economic research.As the central bank promotes the marketization of interest rates,the traditional business model of China's commercial banks faces a competitive impact,and the business transformation is imminent.Therefore,measuring the operational efficiency of China's banking industry and regressing and analyzing its influencing factors can not only provide data support for the optimization of resource allocation in the banking industry,but also help regulators implement targeted control,strategic transformation of China's banking industry and sound financial market.Development plays an important role.This paper takes 20 A-share commercial banks in China as the research object,and uses the non-parametric estimation method-DEA and Malmquist index method to compare and analyze the operation status of 2012-2017 to evaluate the static efficiency of the four state-owned banks and joint-stock banks;Study the dynamic efficiency of commercial banks from the perspectives of comprehensive technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency,scale efficiency and total factor productivity and their decomposition,and trace the source of efficiency changes;measure operational efficiency by comprehensive technical efficiency,and as an explanatory variable,from within commercial banks Based on the factors,six variables including the logarithm of total assets,loan-to-deposit ratio,net interest margin,non-interest income,non-performing loan ratio and capital adequacy ratio were selected as explanatory variables.The Panel Data regression model was established and regression analysis was carried out.The research finds that: First,the pure technical efficiency of China's commercial banks has a more significant effect on the efficiency of integrated technology during the research period,indicating that pure technical efficiency is one of the key elements of commercial bank's operational efficiency.Second,technological progress on the total factor productivity of commercial banks in China.The role is more significant,indicating that technological progress is another key factor in the operational efficiency of commercial banks.Third,the comprehensive technical efficiency and total factor productivity of the four major state-owned banks are higher than that of joint-stock banks.Pure technical efficiency and technological progress are still operating efficiency.Play an important role.From the perspective of the decomposition of comprehensive technology efficiency,pure technical efficiency has a more obvious effect on the efficiency growth rate of comprehensive technology.Therefore,improving pure technical efficiency and technology level is an effective way to improve the efficiency of banking operations.Fourth,among the factors affecting bank operating efficiency,total assets,loan-to-deposit ratio,net interest margin,non-interest income ratio and capital adequacy ratio It is positively related to the operational efficiency of commercial banks.The non-performing loan ratio is significantly negatively correlated with the operating efficiency.China's commercial banks should focus on the increase in net interest margin and capital adequacy ratio,the reduction of non-performing loan ratio and financial innovation.Finally,from the two aspects of commercial bank's own management and industry supervision,it puts forward relevant suggestions for improving the efficiency of China's banking industry.