Research On Business Performance Of Commercial Banks Based On Asset And Liability Structure

Commercial banks play an important role in financial intermediaries in China’s socialist market economy,and they are important bridges to support the development of the real economy and leverage the macro-control.Under the background of China’s economy entering a new normal,the phenomenon of financial disintermediation is becoming more and more fierce,financial supervision is becoming stricter,interest rate marketization is basically completed,Internet finance is developing rapidly,and financial opening is steadily advancing,the development of China’s commercial banks faces enormous challenges.How to improve business performance and ensure stable business development in a fiercely competitive environment is of paramount importance to commercial banks.This paper takes the commercial bank’s asset-liability management theory and asset-liability structure adjustment as the research entry point.This paper analyzes the mechanism of the impact of commercial bank’s asset-liability structure on business performance from a theoretical perspective.On this basis,it defines the asset-liability structure of commercial banks and makes changes to the assets and liabilities structure of 24 listed commercial banks in 2008-2017.Descriptive statistical analysis,horizontal analysis of the changes in the structure of assets and liabilities of commercial banks,vertically divided China’s commercial banks into three categories: state-owned large commercial banks,joint-stock commercial banks and city commercial banks,comparing the special changes in the structure of assets and liabilities of various firms Sex,analyze the reasons for the differences in the asset-liability structure of various commercial banks.Then,after combing the business performance evaluation method,it is decided to use the factor analysis method to construct the commercial bank performance evaluation index system to score the performance of 24 commercial banks.An individual fixed-effects model was built using eviews9 software for panel data on the asset-liability structure and business performance of 24 commercial banks over the past 10 years.The results show that bank size,asset-liability ratio,inter-bank assets ratio,loan and advances ratio are negatively correlated with commercial bank’s operating performance.Cash asset ratio,investment assets ratio,active debt ratio are positively correlated with commercial bank’s operating performance..Based on the analysis of the status quo of asset and liability structure and the analysis of empirical results,the following policy recommendations are proposed to improve the performance of commercial banks: First,focus on the joint improvement of total assets and quality,and optimize asset structure.Second,consolidate the deposit business,enhance the ability of active debt,and form a diversified market financing pattern.Third,focus on the financial deleveraging policy,implement the regulatory requirements of the regulatory authorities,and improve the level of risk management.Fourth,implement the financial technology strategy and enhance the ability of financial innovation.