An Empirical Study On Technological Progress,Factor Substitution And China's Corn Production

Corn is one of the main food crops in China,its widespread use has a strategic position for the protection of national economic development and the problem of food security in China.Corn can be used as food,industrial raw materials,feed as one of the multi-purpose crops,to bring the industrial advantages of corn planting.At the same time,extensive use of corn significantly increased the market demand for corn,while domestic corn prices due to price protection temporary storage policy,lost international competitiveness,Chinese from 2010 to become a net importer of corn,grain self-sufficiency rate of decline will threaten food security self-sufficiency rate in our target bound in the land freshwater resources,resource scarcity,rising labor costs,the realistic background of the increasingly serious environmental pollution,how to protect our food security issues become the focus of attention of government and academic circles.Out of the extensive growth in the past rely on resource dependent is an urgent problem to guarantee at the same time increasing.What is the technical contribution rate of maize production in China?What is the relationship between the bias of technological progress and the substitution of elements?The com production by effects of technological progress,relationship between production factors and alternative Chinese corn,corn to determine the future direction of technological change and substitute relationship between supply and demand on the protection of Chinese jade meters Balance and food security are of great significance.Based on this study,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)The process of corn production in China has the role of non neutral technological progress,but in 2001 after the rate of technological progress 1.15%annual technical progress in reducing the production cost effect weakened.Since the new century,the country has issued a series of preferential policies,such as fine grain direct subsidy,subsidies,farm machinery purchase subsidy,the total abolition of the agricultural tax,improve the temporary storage of corn price,to mobilize the enthusiasm for production of corn producing areas,promote maize growth play an important guiding role.During the same period of maize yield an average annual increase of 1.69%,but the labor,fertilizer,machinery and other material inputs and other production costs an annual increase of 6.62%,indicating that the input redundancy maize production factors,a large number of consumption corn production growth still rely on resources,the extensive management mode of growth has not been changed,the low utilization rate of resources.(2)China's market price mechanism is reasonable,prices of factors still play a role of regulating factor demand,labor and fertilizer input is the most basic of maize production,the price elasticity of demand is inelastic range,and mechanical changes in price is more sensitive,vulnerable to their own price shocks.(3)Mechanical and labor have obvious alternative,but because of the agronomic characteristics and production environment and other factors,in recent years the substitution between labor and fertilizer decreased gradually.There are obvious alternative,the rapid increase in labor costs in the background,select a lot less time,more fertilizer can effectively reduce production costs,therefore,fertilizer substitution labor is rational choice of farmers.