Bus Financial Subsidy Mechanism Based On Operational Organization Optimization

Over recent years,China has enjoyed rapid development in public transportation.Under the national strategy of priority development of public transportation,in order to improve the overall level of urban public transportation,governments have been increasing the financial subsidies regarding public-welfare public transport enterprises.However,the overall service level of public transportation has not been significantly improved even with the increase in subsidies.On the contrary,public transportation has been suffered from increasingly serious losses,posing severe financial pressure on the government.The main reason for such a phenomenon comes from the unreasonable subsidy method.The subsidy method of“losses going with subsidies" makes bus companies rely on financial subsidies and lack enthusiasm.Therefore,it is necessary to explore a public transportation subsidy mechanism that is helpful to solve this problem.Based on the said situation,with the optimization of public transportation operation organization as the focus in this paper,the policy-related loss calculation model is established,the financial subsidy mechanism for public transportation is put forth,and a deep research on the two operational links serving the public transportation loss calculation is carried out,namely,the formulation of the bus schedule and the preparation of the bus travelling plan,which provide some reference for government subsidies and the operation of public transportation enterprises.Firstly,bases on the analysis of the relationship between public transportation operation organization and operation cost,the calculation idea of replacing the previous statistical value with the theoretical value of public transportation organization optimization index is determined,and the policy-related loss calculation model is established.Based on the loss calculation,the financial subsidy mechanism for the public transportation with reward and punishment is formed according to different subsidy contents,and the specific process of implementation has been given.The optimization of public transportation operation has been connected with public transportation subsidies.Secondly,in order to fully analyze the relationship between the passenger traffic of bus routes,operational loss and service level,the concept of station demand elasticity is introduced to analyze the comprehensive benefits of the public transportation system.With the lowest loss of public transportation and the minimum cost of traveling time as the target,and the in-vehicle congestion,average waiting time,local policy-related restrictions,passenger flow and other indicators that reflect service level and fairness as constraints,the departure frequency optimization model for public transportation is established to design a solution algorithm.Then,the concepts concerning the bus travelling plan are summarized,and the space-time network of bus scheduling is established.With the call-in itinerary,the call-out itinerary,the deadhead kilometer and the number of vehicles as the decision variables,with the minimum operating cost as the optimization goal,and the task execution rules,the vehicle conservation,and the yard capacity as a constraint,the multi-station bus travelling plan optimization model is constructed.Besides,the genetic and greedy hybrid solution algorithm for the solution model is designed.Finally,based on the related data of some routes in Daxing District of Beijing,the departure frequency optimization result of all routes are solved by the algorithm,and the results under different elastic coefficients are compared.With the optimized timetable as input,the traveling plan is solved,and the different results of single-route scheduling and multi-route scheduling are compared;according to the loss calculation model,the policy-related losses are calculated,and the final financial subsidy value is put forth.The results suggest that the optimized operating cost is 11.81%lower than that under the underlying scenario,and the loss value is reduced by 7.03%.The subsidy value under the subsidy mechanism in this paper is 98.75%of the actual loss of the enterprise.It is believed that the loss of 2.25%is the operational loss incurred by poor business operation.14 figures,21 tables,54 references.