Research On Heterogeneous Enterprise Model From The Perspective Of Efficiency

After experiencing the classical trade theory,the new classical trade theory,and the new trade theory,international trade theory entered the era of new-new trade theory.With multinational enterprises becoming the main undertakers of world market activities,the traditional trade theory research on the trade activities between two industries can no longer meet the actual needs,the new-new trade theory of pushing the research level into the industry and discussing the differences between enterprises has become the current research hotspot.The new-new trade theory is based on Melitz's heterogeneous enterprise model,which argues that the differences between enterprises are highlighted by differences in productivity,and then constructs a model with productivity as the main indicator.However,we find that in the new trade theory,whether it is theoretical model construction or empirical measurement analysis,each scholar's definition of productivity is varied,and the calculation methods are also diverse,lacking unity and internal connection,the use of productivity is arbitrary,and even different productivity function calculation methods can lead to opposite conclusions.Therefore,this paper re-examines the issue of enterprise heterogeneity from the perspective of efficiency.Firstly,based on the overall input and output of the economic system,the definition of economic efficiency is given,and the heterogeneous enterprise model is reconstructed with efficiency as the main indicator.The hypothesis of the model is introduced and deduced from two aspects of consumer demand and producer supply.The efficiency-based equilibrium equations and the unique equilibrium point in closed and open economic markets are obtained,which proves the feasibility of the efficiency indicator.Secondly,based on the efficiency model,the impact of open trade on industries and enterprises is discussed from both macro and micro perspectives.By comparing the efficiency model with the heterogeneous enterprise model,the conclusions obtained are not only consistent with the conclusions of the classical model,but also make up for the aspects not covered by the classical model,and discuss the economic efficiency changes of the industry and enterprises,making the heterogeneous enterprise model of efficiency has broader applicability.Finally,the hypothesis of heterogeneous enterprise model is further relaxed.Considered enterprise exogenous,endogenous efficiency,based on the actual characteristics of multi-heterogeneity of enterprises,endogenous and exogenous comparative advantages are introduced to redefine the heterogeneity of enterprises,and an extended multi-dimensional heterogeneous enterprise model is constructed to explain the theoretical causes of the "export-productivity paradox" of Chinese enterprises,which provides new ideas for the formulation of export policies of Chinese enterprises.