Research On The Influencing Factors Of Gender Differences In Pensions In My Country

How to take care of old people has always been a social issue in China.China's old people based on children to support their lives many years ago,but with the development of society,this mode began to change,more and more old people no longer rely on the economic support of their children,began to rely on social pension.In this context,pensions are becoming more and more important,especially after our country has entered an ageing society.Compared with men,the old women need more care in our country.The plight of old women is mainly manifested in poor health,economic weakness,lack of spiritual comfort,and low social status.Therefore,the pension issue for women deserves more attention.Based on the analysis the implementation of the pension insurance of urban and rural residents,the pension insurance of enterprise employees and the pension insurance of government agencies and institutions,it is found that there are great differences between the sexes in pension.Through the analysis,it is found that the factors that affect the gender difference of pension mainly include the admission conditions of pension insurance and the calculation method of pension.In order to give concrete expression to the effect of pension calculation on the gender difference in pensions,the replacement rates of women workers,cadres and men under different circumstances have been calculated on the basis of the formula for calculating basic pensions for employees.The results of the calculations show that the rate of pension replacement for women is lower than that for men in all hypothetical cases and the lowest for women workers.Based on the above analysis,empirical analysis was conducted using the data from the 2014 China Family Panel Studies(CFPS).The amount of the pension was selected as the interpreted variable,and the gender,age,income,work,marriage,household registration location,education,weekly working hours and the time spent doing housework every day were selected as the explain variable.The regression analysis shows that gender has a significant effect on the amount of pension,and other factors also have an impact on the amount of pension.Finally,combining the results of empirical analysis and the specific situation of our country,and referring to advanced foreign practices,the following suggestions are put forward to reduce the gender gap in old-age pensions: increasing the coverage of basic old-age insurance,increasing the female employment rate and salary level,gradually raising the retirement age for female employees,establishing a spousal pension system,expand women's pension services.