Research On Scientific And Technological Thought In Marx's Das Kapital

In the history of human social development,science and technology play an important role.History shows that every development of science and technology has caused a great breakthrough in social productivity and brought about great changes in the whole society.As the most classic masterpiece in Marx's life,"Das Kapital" contains rich scientific and technological thoughts.As we all know,the formation and development of any theory is the product of practice and a breakthrough on the shoulders of predecessors.The scientific and technological thought contained in Das Kapital is no exception.The three major discoveries of scientific and technological revolution,economic crisis,workers' movement and natural science all provide opportunities and lay a foundation for the formation of scientific and technological thought in Das Kapital.In Das Kapital,Marx profoundly analyzed the mode,essence and purpose of capitalist production through the synonyms of science and technology such as tool machine,machine and big industry,and finally revealed the limitations of capitalist system.Labor axiology,surplus axiology,capital accumulation theory,capital circulation theory and capital turnover theory are not the key theories for investigating and analyzing science and technology,but these theories are inextricably linked with the development of science and technology,and they all contain profound scientific and technological ideas.In the theory of labor value,the quantity of commodity value is closely related to labor productivity,and the level of labor productivity depends to a large extent on the level of science and technology.At the same time,with the development of science and technology,the capitalist productive relations have increasingly become the shackles of capitalist productive forces and the driving force of aggravating the contradictions of capitalism.In the theory of surplus value,the fanatical pursuit of surplus value forces capitalists to continuously improve the level of science and technology.However,the development of science and technology and the wide use of machinery have reduced workers to the real appendages of machines.In the theory of capital accumulation,the application of science and technology has become the source power to accelerate capital accumulation and then to strengthen the oppression of workers.On the other hand,the development of science and technology has also made the replacement of capitalism by socialism an irreversible historical trend.Capital circulation theory and capital turnover theory show that science and technology have been kidnapped by capitalists,become the accomplices of capitalists in enslaving the working class,and become the main culprit of deteriorating bourgeois-proletarian relations and intensifying contradictions.Das Kapital is a great scientific book which deeply analyses the whole development process of capitalism.Marx believed that the reason why capitalist society would eventually go to extinction and be replaced by a higher social form was mainly due to the capitalist private ownership.Because the contradiction between private ownership of capitalist means of production and large-scale socialized production is a pair of irreconcilable contradictions,the basic contradiction of capitalism deepens with the development of science and technology and the improvement of productivity level,which eventually leads to the collapse of the capitalist system.The process of criticizing capitalist "kidnapping" science and technology profoundly embodies that the scientific and technological thought contained in Das Kapital is the unity of practicality and epochality,attaches importance to the criticism of capitalist system,and pursues the fundamental value of human liberation.The study of the scientific and technological thoughts contained in Das Kapital not only shows us that science and technology are the revolutionary forces that have played a driving role in history and the objective inevitability of socialism replacing capitalism,but also plays an important role in comprehensively understanding the essence of capitalist system,accelerating the construction of scientific and technological innovation system and building a modernscientific and technological power in China.Practical significance.