International Comparison Of Non-equidistant Upstreamness Of Chinese Manufacturing Industry And Studies Of Its Influencing Factors

With the rapid development of information technology and economic globalization,the international division of labor system has undergone a series of profound changes,gradually extending from inter-product to intra-product division of labort.Under the condition that intra-product division of labour is increasingly globalized,countries must have their own positions on the global value chains.Different divisions of labor usually represent different distribution incomes,development prospects and future competitiveness,and the value chain division of labor The advantages distribution positions have always been the core of international competition.After the 2008 financial crisis,the world economy was weak,and all countries shifted their development priorities to manufacturing.Under the new economic normal,problems such as the industrial structure and development model accumulated by the rapid development of China's manufacturing industry for decades have been exposed.The future development of manufacturing industry is more reflected in the transformation.We should identify the best breakthroughs on the global value chain,then promote the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry in a precise and effective way,therfore study the status of the manufacturing on the global value chain is one of the keys to identifying the problem.This paper first analyzes the overall situation of China's manufacturing industry and finds that China's low-tech manufacturing industry has strong international competitiveness and has developed relatively mature.The medium-tech manufacturing industry has certain competitiveness,but its foundation is unstable,facing the suppression of developed countries and catching up with emerging developing countries.The competitiveness of high-tech manufacturing is weak,especially in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry,which is quite different from the developed countries.The following section reviews the different methods of calculating the position of the global value chain.Based on the upstreamness degree of Antras,Zhou Hua(2016)is used to calculate the Non-equidistant Upstreamness of manufacturing industries in various countries.The Non-equidistant Upstreamness reflects the process of continuous value creation.The calculation results show that the Non-equidistant Upstreamness of most industries in China has declined,reflecting the disadvantage of China's manufacturing industry in value-added capabilities.The empirical part of this paper selects the Non-equidistant Upstreamness data of 18 industries in 40 countries from 2000 to 2014.Through the establishment of models,it studies the industry scale,labor efficiency,factor input structure,capital efficiency and industry competitiveness.Degree of influence.Under the industry-wide sample,the Non-equidistant Upstreamness of manufacturing has a reverse correlation with industry size and capital stock per capita,and has a positive correlation with labor efficiency,capital efficiency and industry competitiveness.Under the sub-industry sample,it is found that the impact of factor input structure on high-tech manufacturing is no longer significant,and capital efficiency is no longer significant for medium-tech manufacturing.In terms of the coefficient of each influencing factor,the coefficient of influence of labor productivity on the medium-tech manufacturing industry is greater,indicating that the policy of increasing labor productivity has a greater impact on the medium-tech manufacturing industry.Labor productivity and capital efficiency in low-tech manufacturing are more effective in terms of upstreamness.