Measurement Of Interprovincial Environmental Benefit Distribution And Its Spatial Transfer In China

Along with the sustained and stable growth of China's economy,environmental pollution has become increasingly serious,and the road of ecological civilization construction has a long way to go.The distribution proportion of environmental benefits among economic entities and the transfer status among regions are not only related to social equity,but also to the stability of development.It is also an important issue in the study of environmental distribution.In a word,with the development of economy,the distribution pattern of China's environmental benefits has also undergone tremendous changes.In order to respond to the call of the Party Central Committee,speed up the reform of the ecological civilization system,build a beautiful China,and realize the coordinated development of the region,it is urgent to solve the problem of environmental pollution transfer in the region.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify the responsibility of each economic entity and introduce the proportion of net transfer weight of environmental income into the reform of tax distribution system,so as to provide reference for establishing a reasonable compensation mechanism for environmental funds.Only by paying attention to social equity in the process of environmental governance can we better protect the motherland's "golden mountains and silver mountains" and "green waters and green mountains",so that the people of the whole country can enjoy the benefits of environmental governance equally.On the basis of defining the connotation of environmental benefits,this thesis establishes an evaluation index system of environmental benefits from the improvement of solid,liquid and gas environmental quality.It uses the method of entropy to measure the environmental benefits of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2011 to 2016.On this basis,it establishes a measurement model of the distribution pattern of environmental benefits among economic entities.Under the current economic environment,we measure the distribution pattern and dynamic changes of environmental benefits among different economic entities and regions.The main conclusions are as follows: enterprises have obtained approximately 39% of the environmental benefits,occupying the dominant position in the distribution pattern;government environmental governance benefits are not high,accounting for about 18%;by contrast,urban residents enjoy more environmental benefits than rural residents.The overall benefits of environmental improvement have not been significantly improved in regional coordination.The Eastern and central regions have always enjoyed higher environmental benefits than the western regions.The hidden problems caused by the transfer of environmental costs between regions need to be taken seriously.The results show that it is difficult for the market to restrain the original impulse of high-polluting enterprises to seize environmental resources,let alone to achieve a reasonable distribution of environmental benefits.The resulting imbalance in the allocation of environmental costs depends on the macro-control of the government,which promotes environmental equity through redistribution.With the development of urbanization,the enthusiasm of urban environmental governance is often better than that of rural areas,and the proportion of environmental benefits allocated is higher.Therefore,we should pay more attention to it,strengthen environmental protection propaganda,make rural residents aware of the correlation between environment and health,improve the enthusiasm of environmental protection through urban and rural governance,and promote the construction of ecological civilization.At the same time,the central government should consider the proportion of net transfer of regional environmental benefits when compensating for local environment,and make environmental compensation by weighting the proportion of net transfer of environmental benefits,so as to compensate the disadvantaged areas,so as to enable the regions with higher environmental costs to have corresponding financial support to achieve sustainable development of environmental resources.On the one hand,this is conducive to improving the rationality of central and local environmental compensation,on the other hand,it also lays a solid ecological foundation for the realization of beautiful China.The innovations of this thesis are as follows: firstly,the quantitative accounting of environmental benefits should be included in the research scope of environmental equity.Although some scholars have studied environmental issues from different perspectives in the existing literature,the quantitative measurement of environmental income distribution from the perspective of social equity still needs to be deepened.Secondly,it enriches the research content of equitable distribution of environmental benefits among provinces in China.Many institutions and scholars at home and abroad usually only concern the impact of a single economic entity on the environmental income distribution.Through in-depth analysis of the mechanism of environmental income distribution,this thesis constructs a scientific and objective index system,introduces a three-sector model of environmental income distribution,and measures the environmental income of the government,enterprises and residents' contributions in the distribution of benefits.