Impacts Of Ecotourism On Farmer's Livelihood In Wuyishan National Nature Reserve

For local farmers in nature reserves with special natural geographical environment,the development of eco-tourism is the best way to change their high dependence on natural environment and resources.Nature reserves have natural resources and environmental advantages for the development of eco-tourism,and the development of tourism is bound to have an important impact on the livelihood of local farmers.With a single tea economy as the main source of family income,farmers in wuyi mountain national nature reserve and surrounding areas rely heavily on the natural resources of the nature reserve.Meanwhile,tea income is also greatly affected by the fluctuation of market price.For empirical analysis on tourism economic impact on the rest of the economic activities,this study choose the wuyi mountain national nature reserve(hereinafter referred to as the wuyishan nature reserve)as the study case,such as sustainable development theory and social exchange theory as the theoretical basis,through access to relevant data,field survey and interviews,with the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods,expatiates on wuyi mountain nature reserve of local farmers livelihood,by matching the sample test,analysis of ecological tourism development impact on the traditional local farmers livelihood,build a Logistic regression model to explore the influence factors of farmers choose tourism livelihoods,Finally,some Suggestions are put forward to promote the sustainable development of wuyishan nature reserve.The research results show that:(1)In terms of the livelihood capital of farmers,the number and structure of the five major livelihood capitals of local farmers in Wuyishan Nature Reserve have changed to varying degrees before and after the development of ecotourism,with financial capital and natural capital increasing by a large margin.In addition,through comparison,it is found that the reserves and structure of the local farmers' livelihood capital in Wuyishan Nature Reserve are different,and the growth rate of the external farmer's livelihood capital reserve in Wuyishan Nature Reserve is significantly higher than that of the farmer's livelihood capital in the nature reserve.(2)In terms of farmers' livelihood strategies,after the development of ecotourism,the number of farmers with tourism-led livelihood types is increasing,while the number of farmer-led farmers is gradually decreasing,mainly shifting to agricultural-oriented,tourism-led and mixed-oriented.Among the types;the four types of livelihoods in Wuyishan Nature Reserve have a decreasing trend in the livelihood diversification index of tourism-oriented farmers,and the other three types of farmers' livelihood diversification indexes have increased to varying degrees.(3)As for the results of farmers' livelihood,after the development of ecotourism,the income structure of farmers in protected areas has gradually balanced;the proportion of non-agricultural income of farmers has gradually increased,mainly reflected in the increase of the proportion of business and tourism income,and the proportion of non-agricultural income of farmers outside the protected areas is higher than that of farmers in the area,but agricultural income still dominates.In terms of consumption,the consumption structure of peasant households tends to be more and more livelihood.The proportion of food and energy expenditure in household expenditure is getting larger and larger,while the proportion of medical expenditure and agricultural expenditure is getting smaller and smaller.(4)Through the analysis of binary logistic regression model,it is found that family income,family members have no government members,attitudes towards the development of ecotourism,etc.have a significant impact on the livelihood strategies of farmers to participate in tourism;and the degree of education,participation in community organizations The effects of tea garden indicators,etc.are less effective.(5)The participation of ecotourism often requires the support of the tea economy.For other ordinary farmers,in addition to the financial restrictions,participation in ecotourism management also has some restrictions on business awareness,language ability,communication ability,etc.,which makes the current level of ecotourism participation of farmers relatively low.