Study On Spatial Evolution Law Of Global Production Fragmentation And Its Internal Mechanism

Since the end of the 1980 s,with the acceleration of the globalization,international labor division has changed tremendously,deepened from the inter-industry and intra-industry division to intra-product specialization.The value chain system has undergone vertical separation and reconstruction on a global scale.This feature is manifested in the decomposition of production process into many different workstages and links,which are spatially distributed in different countries or regions.Therefore the global production segmentation is formed,which combines two trends: production fragmentation and market integration.The new international production mode breaks the independence and integrity of individual country and industry.Specialization production is not limited to proceed within a certain country or region.The decentralized and fragmented production mode and networked division pattern enable most countries to participate,and each country or region has become a node in it.The production fragmentation is similar to ‘vertical specialization',‘value chain slicing' and ‘intraproduct division'.Essentially,these terms are used to describe a new phase and pattern of the world division development.In view of this,by drawing on Fally and Ni Hongfu's research,this paper measures the length of global production segmentation and its deconstruction in the whole country and subdivided industry.With production stage number,it explores the spatial distribution and evolution law of global production segmentation system.From a macro level,describtion part demonstrates geographical and economic heterogeneity characteristics of representative countries and regions,and examines variation tendency of industrial layout.Combined with national and geographic perspectives,the empirical part tests relevant factors' effects on the level of production segmentation.And this part also uses a variety of spatial weight matrices to explore the spatial spillover effects of production division caused by regional differences and spatial correlation.Further,through selecting key variables to construct interaction terms,it studys the internal mechanism of how their "regulating effect" or "linkage effect" acts on production fragmentation.The main conclusions of the study can be summarized into the following four aspects: First,in the evolution of production segmentation length,the world's overall production division length has increased.Developed countries have mainly expanded their international production chains through industrial transfer.Their domestic production stage number has declined.Developing countries have rapidly increased their domestic production division length by undertaking outsourcing.The evolution of industrial sectors follows two major paths: expansion of domestic and international markets,shortening of domestic chains with extension of international chains.Factor endowments,innovation capabilities,energy consumption,infrastructure construction,financial development and trade openness play a crucial role in the development of production fragmentation.The servitization of economic structure,legal system and trade openness are not conducive to domestic production segmentation,but contribute to the extension of international production chain.The common language and economic geography attribute play an active role in the expansion of production division.But the increase of internal distance and distance between countries will increase trade cost,which is not conducive to enhancing the international and global production division.Third,in terms of the spatial distribution of global production division,countries with higher production division levels are adjacent to countries with lower production division levels.Global production segmentation is characterized as spatial diffusion effects.In terms of spatial correlation,the factors that have positive and negative effects on production segmentation have obvious spatial spillover effects.The global production segmentation is driven by the labor,energy consumption and trade openness of neighboring countries(regions)and inhibited by the accumulation of material capital and market size expansion and improved infrastructure.Fourth,in the discussion of the mechanism of mediating effects,interaction between domestic value chain and international value chain,and expansion manufacturing industry's domestic value chain and service industry's international value chain,promote production segmentation.Based on this,this paper proposes measures to improve the status of the value chain division,strengthen international division and cooperation,promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure,and improve the internationalization level of the service industry.