A Study On Farmers' Behavior For Loan In Poor Areas Of Western China

Promoting farmers' borrowing behavior is an important way for farmers to solve the problems of "difficult mortgage,difficult guarantee,difficult loan",increase income and improve living standards.The loan policy environment and rural households' endowment of resources in Western poor areas fundamentally affect farmers' borrowing behavior.As2020 is a crucial period for the overall battle against poverty,the rural financial market in the poor areas of western China,as an important platform for poor farmers to make up for the funding gap,has a profound impact on the efficiency and quality of the battle against poverty.Farmers in Western poor areas are the main borrowers.Due to the geographical location and the level of economic development,farmers' borrowing behavior has its own unique features.As the main participants in the rural financial market,farmers Western poor areas generally have low education level,poor initiative in paying attention to financial policies,insufficient awareness of financial risk prevention,and inadequate laws and regulations related to lending policies.Put an end to the misappropriation of funds,and at the same time,some financial institutions have implemented a short-term assessment system for agricultural lending,which has affected the enthusiasm of employees for lending which has hindered the occurrence of lending by farmers.Therefore,the development of the rural household loan market in the western poor areas requires the coordination and cooperation of the government,financial institutions,and farmers,and focuses on the micro-research perspective of farmers' capital needs.Exploring the increasingly diversified borrowing behavior of farmers is the current focus of research on the development of rural financial markets.This paper takes Tongxin County,a national-level poverty-stricken county in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region as an example,and uses field survey data from 337 households to comprehensively analyze the characteristics of farmers' loan channels,loan duration,loan use,and loan scale,and divide the factors that affect farmers' loan behavior into cognitive characteristics of farmers and other characteristics of farmers.When exploring the influence of farmers' cognitive characteristics on farmer's lending behavior,farmers' borrowing willingness and farmer's behavior response are used as two indicators to measure farmer's borrowing behavior,and based on the theory of planned behavior,the structural equation model is used to divide the farmer's cognitive characteristics into farmerbehavior.The three dimensions of attitude,farmers' subjective norms,and perceived behavior control analyze the impact of farmers' cognition on farmers' lending behavior.In addition,the factor analysis model is used to divide other characteristics of farmers into five common factors: personal characteristics,family characteristics,differentiation characteristics,lending environmental conditions,and lending risk awareness.The Binary Ordered Logit Model is used to analyze the influence of five common factors on farmers' loan behavior.The results of the study are clear: First,farmers in the Western poor areas are active in lending,and rural credit cooperatives are the primary choice for farmers' borrowing channels.Farmers prefer medium and short term,small-scale loan products,and the use of loans has gradually changed from living expenses to mainly productive expenditure;Second,in the cognitive characteristics,the increase in farmers' willingness to borrow has a positive impact on their response to loans.There is a positive correlation between farmers' behavior attitudes,farmers' norms and behavior norms,and there are three variables.It has a positive impact on farmers' borrowing behavior,of which the farmer's behavior attitude has the greatest impact,followed by the farmer's subjective norms,and the impact of perceived behavior control is the smallest.Specifically,in the farmers' cognitive characteristics,farmers think that borrowing can promote Income growth,strong publicity of local lending policies,and uncomplicated lending processes are the most critical factors that promote the development of farmer lending behavior;Third,among other characteristics that affect farmer lending behavior,personal characteristics of the farmer,family characteristics,lending environmental conditions,lending risk awareness has a significant positive effect on farmers' lending behavior and lending risk awareness on the impact of the lending practices of farmers the most significant,the impact of the differentiation characteristics of farmers is second.According to the development status,existing problems and empirical analysis conclusions of farmers' lending behavior in Tongxin County,this article puts forward the following suggestions: Strengthen the promotion of lending policy,improve the rural lending transaction platform;Improve the risk guarantee mechanism,establish and improve the rural social security system;Simplify loan procedures and standardize loan process;Improve the degree of differentiation of rural households promotes the independence of rural households in lending in the western regions.