Research On The Impact Of State-owned Enterprise Proportion On China's Manufacturing Export Sophistication

Under China's economic slowdown and the demographic dividend accelerating contraction,China's manufacturing industry need upgrade,to "manufacturing power" from the "manufacturing country",so as to enhance export competitiveness.The key to enhance export competitiveness is to improve the technical level of export commodities.In the process of improving manufacturing export technology level,the efficiency of state-owned enterprises and the reform of state-owned enterprises are inevitable topics.Does state-owned enterprises play a role in promoting or inhibiting the promotion of export technology? This paper uses "sophistication" of exports to measure the level of export technology.From the perspective of subdivided industries,it attempts to study the effect and mechanism of the proportion of stateowned enterprises on manufacturing export sophistication.First,this paper summarizes the relevant research,which mainly divided into three categories: the measurement method of export sophistication,China's export complexity,the related research of the proportion of state-owned enterprises affecting export complexity.No direct research has been found on the influence of the proportion of state-owned enterprises on export sophistication,the research on the export sophistication of this paper is innovative in content.Secondly,it analyzes the theory and mechanism of the influence of the proportion of state-owned enterprises on export sophistication.Thirdly,this paper analyzes the proportion of state-owned enterprises and the calculation results of China's manufacturing export sophistication.Based on the relevant research,this paper uses the method of Hausmann et al.(2007)which is commonly used in academic circles,and learn the method of Yao Yang and Zhang Ye(2008)to eliminate the impact of manufactured goods in import trade,using UN Comtrade data,to get export sophistication of China's manufacturing industry from 2000 to 2018.Finally,this paper uses the above data,using fixed effect models and FGLS regression methods to study the impact of the proportion of state-owned enterprises on export sophistication,and conduct heterogeneity analysis,impact mechanism analysis and robustness test.This paper mainly draws the following conclusions:(1)From 2000 to 2018,the export sophistication of China's manufacturing has steadily increased,and the complexity of China's manufacturing exports has been increasing except for 2003 and 2009.(2)From the overall sample,the proportion of state-owned enterprises has a significant negative impact on the export sophistication of China's manufacturing industry for two reason.First,state-owned enterprises are not as good as non-state-owned enterprises in terms of production and R&D efficiency,and there are greater heterogeneity manufacturing industry.(3)In the low-tech / labor-intensive / light industrial industries,the proportion of state-owned enterprises has a significant negative impact on export sophistication;in the high-tech / capital and technologyintensive / heavy industry industries,the proportion of state-owned enterprises has a significant negative effect on export sophistication.(4)In high-tech industries / capital and technologyintensive industries / heavy industries,the increase in the proportion of state-owned enterprises can promote the increase in the complexity of industry exports through a transmission mechanism which contains a better financing environment and more high-quality talents.