Analysis Of The Influencing Factors Of Non-performing Loans Of Small And Micro Enterprises In City Commercial Banks

As an important source of new driving force for China's economic development,micro-and small-scale enterprises play an important role in promoting economic growth,promoting employment and stimulating innovation.The development of small and micro enterprises can not do without the support of bank loan funds.However,since 2018,the global economy has fluctuated obviously,the credit risk has exposed gradually,the small and micro-enterprises have appeared "operating difficulty,financing difficulty" and so on.A large number of micro and small enterprises financing is not available with high non-performing loan rate,credit risk.If we do not break this situation,small and micro enterprises will be difficult to develop effectively.Therefore,the research on the influencing factors of non-performing loans of small and micro enterprises has important theoretical value and practical significance.In China,the city Commercial Bank is an important part of the banking industry,but also one of the most dynamic institutions in the banking system.Compared with the large state-controlled banks,the city commercial banks have more advantages in supporting the development of small and micro-enterprises,and the efficiency of credit financing is relatively high,makes it a major source of financing for small and micro enterprises.However,the high non-performing rate has become the city business bank development micro-enterprise loan disadvantage.The Financial Services Report for small and micro enterprises of China 2018 pointed out that by the end of 2018,? the non-performing rate of loans for small and micro enterprises under5 million yuan granted by a single household was as high as 5.5 percent,far higher than the industry as a whole of 1.83 percent.The quality of bank assets is related to the economic operation of the whole country and even threatens the national financial security.Therefore,the study on the influencing factors of the non-performing loans of small and micro-enterprises in city commercial banks can not only alleviate the financing difficulties of small and micro-enterprises,but also have important strategic significance for the sustainable development of city commercial banks.On the basis of clarifying the basic concepts and theories,this paper finds that the non-performing loans of small and micro-enterprises are far higher than the overall level of non-performing loans of commercial banks.Therefore,this paper selects the top 16 city commercial banks based on the "2018 city commercial banks help small and micro ranking".After preliminary analysis,it is found that in addition to external macroeconomic factors,the characteristics of Bank micro-enterprise loans and the factors of micro-enterprise itself are also closely related to the formation of non-performing loans.Then,considering the availability of data,this paper takes city a Commercial Bank(hereinafter referred to as bank a)as an example to make a typical case empirical analysis.As a city commercial bank,bank a is representative in City Commercial Bank for serving small and micro enterprises.This paper selects bank a's loan data from January 2014 to December 2018 as a sample,the sample data is 5808,including 374 non-performing loans.In order to identify and measure the individual influence of each factor on non-performing loans,this paper takes bank a's small and micro enterprise loans as dependent variable,g DP growth rate,money supply,loan amount,loan interest rate,guarantee method,industry type,business size,gender of small and micro business owners,education background of small and micro business owners were used as explanatory variables,the application of Binary Logistic Regression Model in empirical analysis.Through theoretical and empirical analysis,we draw the following conclusions:In the characteristics of bank loan products,there is a significant positive relationship between the probability of non-performing loans and loan amount,loan interest rate.In the characteristics of small and micro-enterprises,the possibility of non-performing loans is not significantly related to the type of industry and the scale of enterprises,but the sex and educational background of the owners of small and micro-enterprises are significantly related to the formation of non-performing loans.In addition,the growth rate of GDP and the growth rate of money supply are inversely related to the probability of non-performing loans of small and micro enterprises.In the end,it combines the results of theoretical analysis and empirical analysis,and further from the external macro perspective,the perspective of banks,micro-enterprises to prevent the formation of non-performing loans formicro-enterprises countermeasures.Through the study of this paper,first of all,I hope to promote the sound operation of bank a,enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of Bank A.At the same time,it can provide experience for other city commercial banks and small and micro enterprises,thus can reduce non-performing loans,at the same time minimize losses,make the city commercial bank's small and micro enterprise loan project healthy and sound development.