| With the process of reform and opening up,China has made remarkable achievements on economic and social development.However,the urban-rural income gap has become increasingly serious.To narrow the urban-rural income gap and achieve urban-rural integration is not only a hot topic in academic circles,but also an economic and social problem that China must face in order to build a well-off society in an all-round way.In the period of rapid industrialization and urbanization,the urban-rural allocation is an important element that affects urban-rural development and even leads to the high urban-rural income gap.Under China's unique dual land system,the newly-added urban-rural construction land acts as an important indicator and carrier of China's economic development.The transformation and allocation of newly-added urban-rural construction land involve the distribution and adjustment of the interests of all departments.So,will the newly-added urban-rural construction land affect the urban-rural income gap? Namely,can the newly-added urban-rural construction land affect the income of urban and rural residents by changing the factor allocation,and cause the urban-rural income gap to expand or narrow? Is there any inflection point for the effect of expansion or reduction? How to effectively allocate the newly-added construction land to narrow the urban-rural income gap? For China,which takes the newly-added urban-rural construction land as an important allocation factor of urbanization and industrialization,we need to make a more scientific answer to this question.In view of this,this study reveals the impact mechanism of newly-added urbanrural construction land on the urban-rural income gap under the background of Chinese characteristic system from both theoretical and empirical aspects,which is of great theoretical and practical significance to broaden the research ideas of urbanrural income gap and optimize the allocation mechanism of newly-added urban-rural construction land for integrated development.Around the above problems,this study is based on the analysis of the temporal and spatial characteristics of China's newly-added urban-rural construction land allocation and urban-rural income gap.From the perspective of the income structure and source of urban and rural residents,this study subdivides the impact of newlyadded urban-rural construction land allocation on urban-rural income gap into structural optimization effect,capital accumulation effect,property visualization effect,government protection effect and labor mobility effect.This paper discusses the mechanism and path of the influence of newly-added construction land on the urban-rural income gap.Also,by building a mathematical model and using the panel data of 220 prefecture level cities in the period of rapid development of industrialization and urbanization in China from 2006 to 2014,this paper conducts a systematic empirical test from the three levels of the whole country,developed regions and underdeveloped regions,so as to reveal the specific impact,effect and time-space characteristics of newly-added construction land allocation on urban-rural income gap in China.On this basis,in order to enhance the timeliness and reliability of the research,this paper also takes Jiangsu Province as an example to carry out an empirical research.Specifically,the panel data of 13 prefecture level cities in Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2017 are used to systematically verify the research results of the impact of the newly-added urban-rural construction land allocation on urban-rural income gap.The conclusion is as follows:At the national level:(1)There is a ‘inverted U' curve relationship between the total amount of the newly-added urban-rural construction land allocation,the amount of newly-added urban construction land allocation,the amount of newly-added town's construction land allocation and the urban-rural income gap.There is a positive correlation between the amount of the newly-added rural construction land allocation and the urban-rural income gap.(2)At present,China is in the stage of expanding the urban-rural income gap by allocating the newly-added construction land.When the urban-rural income gap reaches the turning point,the total amount of the newly-added urban-rural construction land,newly-added urban construction land and newly-added town's construction land are 71141 hectares,39124 hectares and 54052 hectares respectively.In terms of China's development stage and situation,it will take a long time to reach the turning point.(3)The efficiency of different types of newly-added urban-rural construction land rationing to improve the urban-rural income gap is in the order of urban,town and rural.(4)The improvement of economic development,government financial expenditure and urbanization development level can narrow the urban-rural income gap.However,the improvement of education investment will expand the urban-rural income gap.The main reason is that the urban tendency of financial and educational expenditure benefits more urban residents,expands the gap of urban-rural human capital,and leads to the expansion of urban-rural income gap.At the regional level:(1)There is a ‘inverted U' curve relationship between the total amount of newly-added urban-rural construction land allocation,the amount of newly-added urban construction land allocation,the amount of newly-added town's construction land allocation and the urban-rural income gap.The scale values of newly-added construction land at the corresponding inflection points are 25627 hectares,6662 hectares and 9665 hectares respectively.The newly-added rural construction land allocation is positively related to the urban-rural income gap.(2)At present,the increasing effect of all types of the newly-added construction land rationing on the urban-rural income gap in underdeveloped areas is higher than the national average.(3)In the case study of Jiangsu Province,it is found that newly-added urban-rural construction land rationing can narrow the urban-rural income gap.It is concluded that the developed areas may have crossed the stage of expanding effect of newly-added urban-rural construction land rationing on the urban-rural income gap and entered the stage of contraction.Therefore,it is suggested that: First,we should follow the objective laws,reasonably regulate the allocation scale of the newly-added urban-rural construction land in different regions,and improve the allocation efficiency.Second,we should strengthen policy guidance,and promote the reduction,rationalization,and efficiency development of newly-added urban-rural construction land.Third,we need to give full play to institutional advantages,further promote the reform of urban-rural land market integration system,and constantly improve the income level of rural residents.The administration should be more focused on the importance and time-space effect of newly-added urban-rural construction land rationing on urban-rural income gap,in order to provide administration with decision-making ideas. |
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